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07660 Breakdown of Passivity of Austenitic Stainless Steels in CI- and H2S- Modeling and Characterization of the Pit Initiation Process

Picture for 07660 Breakdown of Passivity of Austenitic Stainless Steels in CI- and H2S- Modeling and Characteriz
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Product Number: 51300-07660-SG
ISBN: 07660 2007 CP
Author: Gro Ostensen Lauvstad, Eirik Falck de Silva, John Walmsley, Oyvind Borck, and Roy Johnsen
Publication Date: 2007
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AISI 316L stainless steel is extensively used in the oil and gas industry, partly due to the alloy’s low cost and good availability. The applicability of 316L in wet CO2 or sour environments is due to the protective passive oxide film formed on the surface. The corrosion risk for 316L in sour service environments containing chloride is due to localized forms of corrosion. The role of H2S has been attributed to its ability to depassivate materials. Results from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and DC polarization measurements in Cl-/ CO2/H2S environments are reported and assessed against models proposed for initiation of passive film breakdown in the presence of aggressive ions. The observed extent of the reactions involving H2S implies a significant transport of electrons through the passive film, thus reducing its internal field. This may in turn lead to film thinning and eventually film breakdown (depassivation). Density-functional theory (DFT) calculations on the adsorption of chloride at a defect-free Cr2O3 surface, on the other hand, indicate that this adsorption will have little influence on the initial breaking of the film (cf. filmbreaking mechanism).
AISI 316L stainless steel is extensively used in the oil and gas industry, partly due to the alloy’s low cost and good availability. The applicability of 316L in wet CO2 or sour environments is due to the protective passive oxide film formed on the surface. The corrosion risk for 316L in sour service environments containing chloride is due to localized forms of corrosion. The role of H2S has been attributed to its ability to depassivate materials. Results from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and DC polarization measurements in Cl-/ CO2/H2S environments are reported and assessed against models proposed for initiation of passive film breakdown in the presence of aggressive ions. The observed extent of the reactions involving H2S implies a significant transport of electrons through the passive film, thus reducing its internal field. This may in turn lead to film thinning and eventually film breakdown (depassivation). Density-functional theory (DFT) calculations on the adsorption of chloride at a defect-free Cr2O3 surface, on the other hand, indicate that this adsorption will have little influence on the initial breaking of the film (cf. filmbreaking mechanism).
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