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Under-deposit corrosion is a common mode of failure in boiler tubes. Mechanisms include phosphate attack, caustic gouging, hydrogen damage, and wall thinning due to metal loss. Many aspects of these mechanisms and their mitigation are well-understood, while certain specific details remain uncertain or subject to controversy.
Under-deposit corrosion is a common mode of failure in boiler tubes. Mechanisms of corrosion include phosphate attack, caustic gouging, hydrogen damage, and wall thinning due to general metal loss. Many aspects of these mechanisms and their mitigation are well-understood, while certain specific details remain uncertain or subject to controversy.
Keywords: under-deposit corrosion, phosphate corrosion, caustic gouging, hydrogen, damage, boiler tube failures, boiler tube deposits
The unavailability of coal fired electrical generating capacity is often attributable to corrosion in steam generators. Electricity demand grows faster than new plants come online, forcing greater use of old plants. Identifying such problems requires proper inspection tools and techniques to take the guesswork out of whether boiler tubes should be repaired or replaced.
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This paper describes three corrosion case histories caused by overconfidence and lack of thorough understanding of the corroding systems. 1. Exchanger tube failure. 2. Hydrogen induced cracking. 3. Inappropriate mixing of process streams.