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51314-3838-Water Impact on Corrosion Resistance of Pipeline Steels in Circulating Supercritical CO2 with SO2- and NO2-Impurities

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Product Number: 51314-3838-SG
ISBN: 3838 2014 CP
Author: Oleksandra Yevtushenko
Publication Date: 2014
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$20.00
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Despite the more and more critical political discussions on this subject the technology for Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) is still considered as an option to limit the amount of CO2 released to the atmosphere. The compressed CO2 is likely to contain specific impurities among them small contents of SO2 and NO2 in combination with oxygen and humidity. Therefore the corrosion impact of water in combination with SO2- and NO2-impurities needs to be investigated in more detail.Within the project COORAL (German acronym for “CO2 purity for capture and storage”) studies on piping steels exposed to circulating supercritical impure CO2 have been carried out. In order to simulate the real conditions in pipelines impurities such as CO – 750 ppm(v) SO2 – 70 ppm(v) NO2 – 100 ppm(v) and O2 – 8100 ppm(v) were added to the CO2 stream before compression. Water content was varied from 1000 ppm(V) down to 600 ppm(V). Exposure experiments were carried out using steel specimens placed in autoclaves. C- and Cr13-steels have been exposed to circulating supercritical impure CO2 for four weeks at 60 °C and 100 bar. Surface analysis and weight loss experiments in order to determine the corrosion products and the corrosion rates have been carried out. General corrosion has been observed on carbon steels. However corrosion rates are strongly depended on water content in CO2 stream. It has been shown that Cr13-steels are susceptible to pitting corrosion in investigated environment at high water contents. 
Despite the more and more critical political discussions on this subject the technology for Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) is still considered as an option to limit the amount of CO2 released to the atmosphere. The compressed CO2 is likely to contain specific impurities among them small contents of SO2 and NO2 in combination with oxygen and humidity. Therefore the corrosion impact of water in combination with SO2- and NO2-impurities needs to be investigated in more detail.Within the project COORAL (German acronym for “CO2 purity for capture and storage”) studies on piping steels exposed to circulating supercritical impure CO2 have been carried out. In order to simulate the real conditions in pipelines impurities such as CO – 750 ppm(v) SO2 – 70 ppm(v) NO2 – 100 ppm(v) and O2 – 8100 ppm(v) were added to the CO2 stream before compression. Water content was varied from 1000 ppm(V) down to 600 ppm(V). Exposure experiments were carried out using steel specimens placed in autoclaves. C- and Cr13-steels have been exposed to circulating supercritical impure CO2 for four weeks at 60 °C and 100 bar. Surface analysis and weight loss experiments in order to determine the corrosion products and the corrosion rates have been carried out. General corrosion has been observed on carbon steels. However corrosion rates are strongly depended on water content in CO2 stream. It has been shown that Cr13-steels are susceptible to pitting corrosion in investigated environment at high water contents. 
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Picture for Impacts of Impurities SO2 and H2S on Corrosion of sc-CO2 Pipe Steels
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51318-11481-Impacts of Impurities SO2 and H2S on Corrosion of sc-CO2 Pipe Steels

Product Number: 51318-11481-SG
Author: Yimin Zeng / Kaiyang Li / Jingli Lao / Muhammad Arafin
Publication Date: 2018
$20.00

This paper re-examines most public and in-house corrosion data on the effects of six typical impurities to advance the fundamental understanding of how pipeline steels corrode in sc-CO2 environments and identify knowledge gaps for further investigations.
Picture for Impact of O2 Content on Corrosion Behavior of X65 Mild Steel in Gaseous, Liquid and Supercritical CO2 environments
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Impact of O2 Content on Corrosion Behavior of X65 Mild Steel in Gaseous, Liquid and Supercritical CO2 environments

Product Number: 51320-14433-SG
Author: Xiu Jiang, Dingrong Qu , Xiaoliang Song
Publication Date: 2020
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CO2 stream in CCS system usually contains impurities, such as water, O2, SO2, NO2, H2S, and other trace substances, which could pose a threat to internal corrosion and integrity of CO2 transportation pipelines. The general and localized corrosion behavior of API 5L X65 mild steel were evaluated using an autoclave both in water-saturated CO2 and CO2-saturated water environments in the presence of varying concentrations of O2. Experiments were performed at 25 °C and 35 °C, 8 MPa and 35 °C, 4 MPa to simulate the conditions encountered during dense, supercritical and gaseous CO2 transport. General corrosion rates were obtained by weight-loss method. The surface morphology of the coupons was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that general corrosion rates at each O2 concentration in CO2-saturated water environment were much higher than those in water-saturated CO2 environment. The corrosion rates did not increase with increasing O2 concentration from 0 to 2000 ppm; instead the corrosion rate reached a maximum with 1000 ppm O2 at 25 °C, 8 MPa and 50 ppm O2 at 35 °C, 8 MPa in water-saturated CO2 environment and 50 ppm at 25 °C, 8 MPa and 100 ppm at 35 °C, 8 MPa in CO2-saturated water environment. However, the change trend of general corrosion rate with O2 content at 35 °C, 4 MPa was different from that in 25 °C and 35 °C, 8 MPa both in water-saturated CO2 and CO2-saturated water environments. Localized corrosion or general corrosion rate of over 0.1 mm/y was identified at each test condition both in a water-saturated CO2 and CO2-saturated water environments. When O2 was added, coupon surfaces were covered by a more porous corrosion product scale. A final series of tests conducted with the addition of 100 ppm and 2000 ppm O2 in CO2 environment with 60% relative humidity (RH) and 80% RH revealed that no localized corrosion was observed and the general corrosion rates were lower than 0.1 mm/y at 25 °C and 35 °C, 8 
Picture for Corrosion Stability of Piping Steels in a Circulating Supercritical Impure CO2 Environment
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51313-02372-Corrosion Stability of Piping Steels in a Circulating Supercritical Impure CO2 Environment

Product Number: 51313-02372-SG
ISBN: 02372 2013 CP
Author: Oleksandra Yevtushenko
Publication Date: 2013
$20.00
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