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Galvanic anodes have been used to provide various levels of corrosion protection to reinforced concrete structures for many years.
Galvanic anodes have been used to provide various levels of corrosion protection to reinforced concrete structures for many years. Some installations have met expectations and others have not performed as desired. Failures have been associated with lack of understanding of the performance of anodes with time. Long-term monitoring of galvanic anodes has allowed detailed analysis of their performance and aided in the understanding of the way performance diminishes with time and how temperature affects current delivery. The aging effect of the anode is described by an Aging Factor which was found to be specific to each anode type. Knowledge of the Aging Factor and the mean annual temperature has permitted performance expectations and duration of protection to be defined prior to final design. Successful designs are designs which meet the specified performance expectations for the design service life and are based on the actual performance of the specified galvanic anode in the service environment. The temperature and corrosivity of the environment must be considered. Long-term galvanic anode performance data has been used to validate the proposed design approach.
Two component Epoxy polymer systems have been used as the basis for high performance protective coating systems since the 1950s. Numerous Epoxy resin types and ambient condition curing agents are available today which allow great flexibility in the formulation of coating products. This has led to the development of a wide range of applications ranging from simple anticorrosive systems to high performance heat and chemical resistant coatings and linings.
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Zinc Tidal CP jackets have been utilized to protect the splash zone of steel reinforced concrete piles against aggressive corrosion due to seawater exposure since the mid 1990’s. Galvanic CP jackets are installed on piles in the splash zone and provide galvanic current to the jacketed areas (Figure 1). The submerged portion of the pile that extends below the jacket is always exposed to seawater.
Embedded galvanic anodes designed to protect reinforcing steel in chloride-contaminated concrete adjacent to concrete “patch” repairs were developed in the late 1990’s. The original concrete anode was puck-shaped and consisted of high purity zinc encased in a mortar formulated with high porosity and lithium hydroxide to maintain a pH greater than 14 to keep the zinc active over the life of the anode. This approach of a high pH mortar around the zinc to prevent anode passivation is commonly referred to as alkali-activation.