51315-5623-Study of Siderite Solubility Under Extremely High Temperature and Pressure

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Product Number: 51315-5623-SG

ISBN: 5623 2015 CP

Author: Chao Yan

Publication Date: 2015

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As the fourth most abundant metal on earth iron is commonly found in a variety of rock and soil minerals as iron (II) and (III). Ferrous carbonate is the main source of iron (II) in nature under anoxic condition. Thus iron concentration measured in produced water might be from various sources including corrosion and dissolution of the naturally occurred siderite as well as corrosion products (Fe3O4 and FeCO3). With the continued development of offshore production in ultra-deepwater more and more wells are exposed to extremely high temperature and pressure under anoxic condition. A greater understanding of siderite dissolution and formation under extremely high temperature and pressure (xHTHP) is needed in order to better understand the original source of iron in produced water. In addition FeCO3 is also a major source of scale in production systems which can cause serious problems. In order to better predict scale formation scale solubility under these conditions must be accurate. Knowledge of the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of this mineral under xHPHT conditions is important for the solubility study. Research to expand the amount of data and models for such minerals at these conditions will reduce offshore production risk and improve human safety in ultra-deepwater (UDW) production.A novel flow-through apparatus has been developed to perform a scale solubility dissolution and precipitation study of various minerals under high pressure (up to 24000 psig) high temperature (up to 250 °C) and high total dissolved solids (TDS up to 360000 mg/L). This research focused on the solubility study of siderite under rigorously anoxic conditions. Studying dissolution and precipitation improved understanding of the formation of passive layers (Fe3O4 and FeCO3) and their phase transitions and dissolution as temperature increases as has been observed in corrosion research. In this work effects of reaction conditions including temperature and pressure have been investigated. Details of the experimental setup and preliminary results of this research are presented.