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Stress Corrosion Cracking Assessment of the Weldment of Newly Used Grade of and T HSLA Steel

Picture for Stress Corrosion Cracking Assessment of the Weldment of Newly Used Grade of and T HSLA Steel
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Product Number: 51315-5961-SG
ISBN: 5961 2015 CP
Author: Ali AlShawaf
Publication Date: 2015
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The heat exchangers (coolers) made of quenched and tempered High Strength Low Alloy (Q&T HSLA) Steel developed multiple cracks emanating from the circumferential weld in the shell after a short time of service. Some of the cracks had grown through the thickness and thus started leaking. The failure has been diagnosed as Environmentally Assisted Cracking which is a general term for brittle mechanical failures that result from a combination between residual tensile stress susceptible microstructure and corrosive environment. EAC includes stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and hydrogen induced cracking (HIC). Slow Strain Rate Tests (SSRT) machine which is in connection with a high temperature/high pressure autoclavewas carried out using a Constant Extension Rate Test (CERT) machine. Stress corrosion crack testing of the weldment as well as the base material of this Q&T HSLA steel was carried out from 25 to 175 °C at constant strain value in two neutral environments at temperature ranging. After the fracture of the specimen stereoscopic optical microscope Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) were used to study the cracking morphology as a function of applied strain. To calculate the SCC susceptibility the plastic strain-to-failure (EP) and reduction in area (RA) were calculated from the stress-strain curve and the fracture surface of the broken specimens respectively. Results indicated that SCC susceptibility increased with increasing temperature increasing oxygen level and the percentage of salt in the solution. Better understanding of the SCC behavior of HSLA steels at higher temperatures and in neutral environments allowed for the specification of application ranges that will avoid failures in future.Note: The first part of this study was presented in NACE-Corrosion Conference-2014. This is the second part of the research study.
The heat exchangers (coolers) made of quenched and tempered High Strength Low Alloy (Q&T HSLA) Steel developed multiple cracks emanating from the circumferential weld in the shell after a short time of service. Some of the cracks had grown through the thickness and thus started leaking. The failure has been diagnosed as Environmentally Assisted Cracking which is a general term for brittle mechanical failures that result from a combination between residual tensile stress susceptible microstructure and corrosive environment. EAC includes stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and hydrogen induced cracking (HIC). Slow Strain Rate Tests (SSRT) machine which is in connection with a high temperature/high pressure autoclavewas carried out using a Constant Extension Rate Test (CERT) machine. Stress corrosion crack testing of the weldment as well as the base material of this Q&T HSLA steel was carried out from 25 to 175 °C at constant strain value in two neutral environments at temperature ranging. After the fracture of the specimen stereoscopic optical microscope Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) were used to study the cracking morphology as a function of applied strain. To calculate the SCC susceptibility the plastic strain-to-failure (EP) and reduction in area (RA) were calculated from the stress-strain curve and the fracture surface of the broken specimens respectively. Results indicated that SCC susceptibility increased with increasing temperature increasing oxygen level and the percentage of salt in the solution. Better understanding of the SCC behavior of HSLA steels at higher temperatures and in neutral environments allowed for the specification of application ranges that will avoid failures in future.Note: The first part of this study was presented in NACE-Corrosion Conference-2014. This is the second part of the research study.
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