Review of Key Factors Related to Sour Service Material Selection for HPHT Oil & Gas Production A

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Failure mechanisms manifest in Oil Country Tubular Goods (OCTG) steels for highly sour applications are dominated by corrosion and Environmentally-Assisted Cracking (EAC). EAC of high strength low alloy carbon steels typically used in well completion has been a problem of major concern for the reliable exploitation of reservoirs that produce or condense significant amounts of water alongside dissolved CO2 and H2S. A critical issue in selecting OCTG steels that are considered suitable for sour service is selection of representative laboratory conditions of the actual High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) service environments. The issue is due to a lack of reliable sour ionic model(s) to understand non-ideal sour gas/solution behavior at HPHT conditions. Such ionic model(s) will form the foundation for designing / specifying experimental environments and lab tests to ascertain optimized H2S serviceability limits of a number of potential sour service metallic alloys.This paper provides a comprehensive review of current understanding of H2S ionic / thermodynamic modeling for HPHT applications as a precursor to predicting physical chemistry. This typically involves characterizing the role of key parameters such as H2S gas partial pressure gas fugacity aqueous chemical activity species concentrations and ionic strength. Also addressed as part of this review are evaluations of recent studies incorporating advanced thermodynamic models at HPHT conditions in evaluating EAC susceptibility of OCTG steels in sour media.The objectives of this review paper are to identify the key challenges and limitations facing the current EAC cracking limits per NACE MR0175 / ISO15156 and make recommendations for adoption of typical best practices in selecting materials for HPHT sour upstream production applications.Keywords: Hydrogen Sulfide High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) Material Selection Sour Ionic / Thermodynamic Model

Product Number: 51319-13400-SG

Author: Jing Ning

Publication Date: 2019

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Design Challenges for Material Selection in Sour and High Salinity Gas and Oil Production Facilites

Product Number: 51317--9244-SG

ISBN: 9244 2017 CP

Author: Pedro Rincon

Publication Date: 2017

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This paper addresses the challenges to provide example of engineering solutions through the use of corrosion resistant alloys and non metallic materials to maintain the integrity of flowlines and process equipment in severe sour service.