AMPP Store - Products tagged with '2022 conference papers'

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Crack Initiation Testing of Neutron-irradiated Type 347 Stainless Steel in Simulated PWR with LiOH or KOH

Product Number: ED22-17414-SG

Author: Michael Ickes, Lijin Dong, Abdullah Sinjlawi, Gary Was

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The immediate objective of this experiment is to investigate the IASCC initiation behavior of Type 347 stainless steel in lithium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide water chemistries across a range of irradiation damage and stress levels. A further objective is to provide data supporting improved predictive capabilities of IASCC failures by assessing the radiation dose dependence of IASCC initiation. In power plant components like the baffle-former bolts, the crack initiation step of IASCC is the rate limiting step, taking much longer than crack propagation as a fraction of time to failure. The results of this study will also be directly beneficial to the U.S. nuclear industry by providing an understanding of IASCC susceptibility in potassium hydroxide water chemistry, which may provide cost savings and more secure supply chains to nuclear power plants.

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Cracked High Pressure Steam Superheater Alloy 800 Piping Of A Thermal Oxidizer From A Gas Plant SRU

Product Number: 51322-17922-SG

Author: Yousif A. Al Rabie, Iyad Al-Buraiki

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) is one of the most widely used inorganic chemicals in water treatment process. Improper injection rate or concentration have led to many failures in the industry. These failures have been mostly identified as Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (CSCC).

Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (CSCC) is a form of Environment Assisted Cracking (EAC), characterized by surface-initiated cracks that occur in materials exposed to caustic environment. EAC is defined as a cracking process caused by the synergistic effects of stress, and environment on a specific material. All three factors–stress, aggressive environment, and susceptible material are necessary for EAC. The environment aggressiveness escalates with increase of caustic concentration and metal temperature, in case of CSCC.

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Crevice Corrosion Of High-Grade Stainless Steels In Seawaters, Comparison Between Temperate And Tropical Locations

Product Number: 51322-17828-SG

Author: Nicolas Larché, Charles Leballeur, Dominique Thierry, Erwan Diler

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In natural seawater, microorganisms can fix, grow and develop on practically any surface, including stainless steels.The term biofilm is generally used for communities of microorganisms embedded in an organic polymer matrix (e.g. exopolysaccharides), produced by the microorganisms themselves) and adhering to a surface, irrespective of the environment in which they develop. Stainless steels are widely used for different applications in seawater such as the oil and gas, desalination and marine energy industries. The presence of a biofilm on passive alloys such as stainless steels or nickel-based alloys can strongly enhance the cathodic reactions, and shift their open-circuit potential (OCP) to the noble direction.

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DC Decoupler Modelling To Predict The Effects Of Capacitance On CP Potential Surveys

Product Number: 51322-17839-SG

Author: Alex Ristow, Mike Tachick

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Extensive and increased collocation of high voltage AC (HVAC) electrical transmission lines, coupled with advances in coating technology, has resulted in the emergence of the possibility of transfer of electrical energy from the HVAC line to paralleling utilities through electrical induction. That transfer of energy can result in safety risks for personnel, as well as corrosion risks for below grade assets. In order to mitigate those risks, operators ground the induced AC using grounding electrodes, typically consisting of bare copper cabling or zinc ribbon.

Dealloying And Its Relationship To SCC Of Alloy 800 And Ni-Fe-Cr Alloys In Boiling Caustic Solutions

Product Number: ED22-17138-SG

Author: Hooman Gholamzadeh, Adil Shaik, Bander Alsekhan, Kevin Daub, Matthew Topping, Mark R. Daymond, Suraj Persaud

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Ni-based alloys and stainless steels have superior mechanical properties and good resistance to general and localized corrosion, mainly due to the formation of a passive film. Due to their properties, Ni-based
alloys and stainless steels have been historically used in applications where an aggressive environment is involved. For example, Ni- and Fe- based alloys have been extensively used in the nuclear power
industry. Despite their good corrosion performance, these materials have been shown to suffer from environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) in certain environments.

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Decision Making Under Uncertain Erosion Conditions Using The Probabilistic Model

Product Number: 51322-17813-SG

Author: Guanlan Liu, Francois Ayello, Jose Vera, Richard Eckert

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Erosion is one of the major threats of the pipeline integrity1 when it’s transporting liquid hydrocarbon products with solid particles. The erosion process decreases the effective wall thickness and therefore reduces the capacity of the pipeline to contain the pressured product. This can induce serious consequences including property, health and safety, environment, and business costs.

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Decontamination Chemical Compatibility With Protective Coatings

Product Number: 51322-18153-SG

Author: Sophia Xiaoxia Zhu, Benjamin T. A. Chang

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Most of atmospheric coatings and tank linings for offshore maintenance are routinely applied on rusted steel after dry abrasive blasting. It is well known that the salt contamination on rusted steels cannot be completely removed by dry abrasive blasting alone. Residual salt contamination, which is hidden in the corrosion pits, is difficult to remove mechanically. Depending on the rust severity, the residual salt content on the dry abrasive blasted steel surface can be in the range of 5-65 μg/cm². Too much residual salt contamination can be detrimental to coating performance. It could cause coating blistering, adhesion degradation, and under film corrosion which will result in a shorter service life, particularly in immersion service such as pipeline coatings or tank linings. Recently wet abrasive blasting (WAB) has been used as the surface preparation in conjunction with the decontamination chemicals.

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Defining High Performance At Low VOC: Waterborne Acrylic Dtms Under 25 G/L

Product Number: 51322-17829-SG

Author: Kathleen Auld, Matthew Padaon

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Today, the push to find more environmentally friendly solutions for paints and coatings has become very important. Paints contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs), that contribute to ground level ozone and smog and can be harmful to human health and air quality. VOC limits for formulated coatings have been instituted by local governments to meet the highest air quality standards. One such regional regulation set a limit of 100 g/L for industrial maintenance coatings in the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) of Southern California in 2007.

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Dependence Of Time To Fracture Due To Hydrogen Embrittlement On Stress, Hydrogen Content, And Temperature In Rebar For Prestressed Concrete

Product Number: 51322-17909-SG

Author: Takuya Kamisho, Ryuta Ishii, Masayuki Tsuda

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Rebars used in prestressed concrete structures are constantly subjected to tensile stress, and some rebars have been reported to fracture due to hydrogen embrittlement.1 It is important to know the hydrogen embrittlement behavior in rebars to prevent fractures. The effects of environmental conditions such as tensile stress, hydrogen content, and temperature on time to fracture have been evaluated individually;^2,3 however, their combined effects have not been clarified. The purpose of this study is to experimentally clarify the relationship between time to fracture due to hydrogen embrittlement and environmental conditions to which the rebars are subjected.

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Design Of Cathodic Protection System For Duplex Stainless-Steel Pipeline: Protection Criteria And Hydrogen Embrittlement Management

Product Number: 51322-18124-SG

Author: Ashraf Al Aasmi, Kathy Buckingham, Ziru Zhang, Timothy Bieri

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

A life cycle cost assessment led to the selection of DSS for field gas gathering network composing of more than 200 miles of pipelines. Buried portions are provided with external coating. Furthermore, due to high chloride content in the soils, the external corrosion threat was mitigated through the use of an external coating supplemented with CP.

As there was no industrial reference covering onshore DSS pipeline CP criteria, lab testing was conducted to establish the criteria and confirm if the risk of hydrogen embrittlement is managed appropriately. This is further evaluated with field data to confirm pipelines integrity.

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Design Of Sour Service Material: Combining Metallurgical Design, Laboratory And Full Scale Testing Towards A Novel High Strength Sour Service Material

Product Number: 51322-17615-SG

Author: Michel PIETTE, Florian THEBAULT, John FORTAILLIER, Livia-Raquel CUPERTINO-MALHEIROS

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

During the last decades, low alloyed steels with improved resistance to Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) have been developed for covering specific applications as heavy wall casings¹ or expandable tubings² or for reaching higher mechanical properties, such as 125 ksi Specified Minimum Yield Strength (SMYS) materials.^3-6 For the latter, relevant sour environments for developed grades are mild, meaning that all sour applications cannot be covered while a strong interest exists for O&G operators to use high strength materials when designing wells. Consequently, there is an incentive to push the limits of use of high strength sour service steels by enhancing their resistance to SSC. Several recommendations were already published when designing high strength sour service grades: hardness level shall be limited as much as possible and be preferentially below 22 HRC⁷, microstructure shall present a minimum required amount of martensite8 which is well known to be ideal for combining high mechanical properties and high resistance to hydrogen. Besides, many authors highlighted some other influencing parameters related to the material or the process.

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Detection And Location Of Coating Defects And Disbondments On Buried Pipelines With Differential Reflectometry Mapping

Product Number: 51322-18065-SG

Author: Tristan Petit de Servins d’Héricourt, Homero Castaneda

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Corrosion control of buried assets usually involves a double shield: a coating system as a physical insulation barrier, and a cathodic protection system as an additional ad hoc defense. Detection of a corrosion spot at the coating defect stage is the only way to identify the threat before significant metal loss occurs. Furthermore, detection of defects in the coatings of such assets is especially important, since large defects, if left unrepaired, will not only leave the asset locally prone to corrosion, but also drain and weaken the cathodic protection effectiveness for the entire structure. Therefore, identification and characterization of coating anomalies is critical for the integrity of buried assets.

Products tagged with '2022 conference papers'

Association for Materials Protection and Performance