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Products tagged with 'metallurgical failures'

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Picture for A Review of Corrosion-Related Failures and Preventive Measures on Non-Magnetic Cr-Mn Austenitic Stainless Steel Drill Collars
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A Review of Corrosion-Related Failures and Preventive Measures on Non-Magnetic Cr-Mn Austenitic Stainless Steel Drill Collars

Product Number: 51323-19370-SG
Author: Flavia Kudla, Yao Yao, Manuel Marya
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00

Drill collars are thick-walled pipes that provide stiffness and concentration of mass at or near the bit and are among the main components of the bottom-hole assembly (BHA). The non-magnetic drill collars (NMDCs) represent a sub-category of proprietary drill collars that enable magnetic surveying and directional drilling. Due to their cross-section, NMDCs are inherently heavy and can convey a strong push on the drill bit itself, minimizing cutting instability problems, while their strength is sufficient to prevent buckling while drilling.
Picture for Ammonia Stress Corrosion Cracking of Admiralty Brass Heat Exchanger Tubes in Refinery Cooling Water System
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Ammonia Stress Corrosion Cracking of Admiralty Brass Heat Exchanger Tubes in Refinery Cooling Water System

Product Number: 51324-20970-SG
Author: Sudharsanan Soundararajan
Publication Date: 2024
$40.00
Instrument air (IA) system is one of the critical systems in the utilities section of a refinery complex. IA system of this refinery consists of compressor package and dryer package to supply air to refinery header at 0.9Mpa (128 psi) with dew point less than -20degC (-4degF). The 3 stage compressors have intercoolers with extended plate surface fin type tubes. The metallurgy of the tubes is Admiralty brass SB-111 C44300. In this cooler, compressed air is in the shell side and fresh cooling water on the tube side. All 8 intercoolers in the compressor package leaked in a period of 1 month. A failed sample tube was analyzed using Optical Emission Spectroscopy, Stereo Microscope, SEM/EDS and XRD. This paper discusses the findings and the methodology used to identify the reason for failure as Ammonia Stress Corrosion Cracking. Process parameter analysis revealed that the leak from a recycle gas cooler in Hydrocracker unit as the possible source for ammonia in cooling water system. The full-length tube expansion for plate type fins is the source for residual stress. This paper briefs upon the IOW and the monitoring mechanisms for such mixed metallurgy closed loop cooling water system.
Picture for An Environmental Performance Comparison of Premium Vs. Standard Grades Used in Non-Magnetic Drill Collars
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An Environmental Performance Comparison of Premium Vs. Standard Grades Used in Non-Magnetic Drill Collars

Product Number: 51324-20685-SG
Author: Flavia Kudla; Manuel Marya
Publication Date: 2024
$40.00
Non-magnetic drill collar (NMDC) alloys are (Cr-Mn/Cr-Mn-Ni)-Mo-N proprietary austenitic stainless steels that meet minimum API Specification 7-1 requirements. Among NMDC alloys, a wide range of chemical compositions and environmental performance exist with similar mechanical requirements. NMDC alloy proprietary compositions may be grouped into premium and standard grades and, depending on the product and operation requirements, the drilling conditions may lean more towards one group versus the other. This paper evaluates and compares the corrosion performance of representative alloys from these two groups in terms of weight-loss corrosion, localized corrosion, and environmentally assisted cracking in two simulated drilling muds. The test program accounts for different levels of chlorides, dissolved oxygen, brine pH, and temperature, in order to reproduce corrosion in the environment(s) and temperature(s) representative of field jobs. This investigation aims to understand and identify corrosion and cracking limits of the alloys from the premium and standard groups; and consequently, provide guidance to improve operational reliability and increase NMDCs life in the field.
Picture for Effect of Backing Gas Composition on Corrosion Behavior of Conventional Duplex Stainless Steel Weldments
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Effect of Backing Gas Composition on Corrosion Behavior of Conventional Duplex Stainless Steel Weldments

Product Number: 51321-16598-SG
Author: Ricardo Hernández Soto/ Abdullah M. Al-Rumaih
Publication Date: 2021
$20.00
Picture for Review of a Refinery Boiler Tube Failure
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Review of a Refinery Boiler Tube Failure

Product Number: 51323-19067-SG
Author: Darrell Freeman, Ryan Horsley, David Whitt, Mel J. Esmacher
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00

In late 2021, several leaks were observed inside the waste heat boiler coil of the steam reformer furnace at the refinery. The leaks were located in the first row of tubes of the hot bank in the vertically-oriented coil, where boiler water inside the tubes is heated via waste heat of the reformer stack. The waste heat boiler coil has a design duty of 69.59 MMBtu/hr (~20.4 MW), with design pressures and temperatures of 1010 psig (6.9 MPa) and 700°F (371°C), respectively.
Picture for SP0294-2006
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SP0294-2006-SG (formerly RP0294), Design, Fabrication, and Inspection of Tanks for the Storage of Concentrated Sulfuric Acid and Oleum at Ambient Temperatures

Product Number: 21063-SG
ISBN: 1-57590-209-5
$109.00

Design, fabrication, and inspection practices to maintain mechanical integrity and minimize potential occurrence of undetected corrosion in sulfuric acid or oleum storage tanks at atmospheric and low pressure.
Surface And Defect Preparation Using Atmospheric Plasma For Non-Metallic Pipe Repair
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Surface And Defect Preparation Using Atmospheric Plasma For Non-Metallic Pipe Repair

Product Number: 51322-18175-SG
Author: Ahmed Hassanin, Chris Alexander, Jeffrey Piascik, Peter Yancey, Glenn Astolfi, Jeff Pavelka
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00

Composite repair systems’ performance relies heavily on the levels of adhesion between the initial layer of the composite system and the substrate. Enhanced adhesion translates to improved performance of the composite system since better bonding (whether mechanical or chemical) enhances the load transfer from the substrate to the composite layers as well as limit the porosity that would allow liquid or gas molecules to flow through. The aim of this study was to prove quantitatively how the APS atmospheric plasma surface preparation can improve the performance of composite repair systems whether on leaking or nonleaking defects. 
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