AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'high temperature oxidation'

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51317--9785-Oxidation Kinetics of Cast Alumina-Forming Austenitic Alloys in Steam

Product Number: 51317--9785-SG

ISBN: 9785 2017 CP

Author: Benjamin Church

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Alloy tubes used in petrochemical processing reactor systems are often subjected to oxidizing conditions in high temperature steam such as during de-coking cycles. A new class of heat resistant austenitic cast alloys are being developed that are designed to form protective oxides of alumina.

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Cobalt/Chromium Carbide Composite Coatings Applied By Brush Plating For Use As An Alternative To Hard Chrome

Product Number: 51322-18228-SG

Author: Joshua D. Thomas, Danijela Milosevic-Popovich

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In the war on corrosion and wear, maintenance repair engineers will be hard pressed to find a plating material as strong as chrome. It has high hardness, high lubricity, low wear resistance, and maintains some of its hardness even after being exposed to high temperatures. However, there’s increasing pressure to find an alternative to this material due to the worker safety and environmental issues it presents. Regularly, hard chrome is electroplated where it is needed using a plating solution containing chromium trioxide. Chromium trioxide is registered with both REACH⁽¹⁾ and the EPA⁽²⁾ as carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic.

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Failure Analysis of High Temperature Plate Heat Exchangers in Converter Section of Sulfuric Acid Regeneration [SAR] Unit

Product Number: 51323-19420-SG

Author: Sudharsanan Soundararajan

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

A Sulfuric Acid Alkylation [SAA] unit in a refinery converts olefins and butane to high octane alkylate using highly concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The function of this Sulfuric Acid Regeneration [SAR] unit is to regenerate spent sulfuric acid from alkylation process into clean sulfuric acid of 99.2% concentration, which is then recycled back into the SAA unit. The process of SAR can be classified in to following four steps:

• Formation of SO2 by the decomposition of Spent acid and combustion of H2S.
• Cooling and Purification of the SO2
• Conversion of SO2 to SO3
• Absorption of SO2 in H2SO4

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Influence of Pb and Cl in Waste Wood Fuel on Furnace Wall Corrosion of Low Alloyed Steel and Alloy 625

Product Number: 51324-21033-SG

Author: Annika Talus; Rikard Norling; Alice Moya Núñez

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Firing waste wood in thermal power plants can lead to furnace wall corrosion due to corrosive elements such as chlorine, heavy metals, and alkali metals present in the fuel. This study investigates the influence of lead and chlorine on furnace wall corrosion of a low alloyed steel (16Mo3) and a nickel-based alloy (Alloy 625) during two field exposures using an air-cooled probe. Two two-week long test campaigns firing two different waste wood fuels (higher and lower lead and chlorine content) were carried out, exposing samples having metal temperatures in the interval 350-400 °C. The corrosion rates were determined using thickness loss measurements. The samples were examined using SEM/EDS/WDS and XRD techniques, to characterize the morphology and composition of the corrosion products. The findings suggest that higher lead and chlorine content in the fuel results in a higher corrosion rate for both materials; aggravated further above 370 °C. On 16Mo3 samples, iron oxides and chlorides, and chlorine-rich compounds are observed. Pits are observed on Alloy 625 samples, filled with nickel- and chromium-containing oxides mixed with corrosive species. The presence of lead compounds (e.g. lead molybdate) in connection to pits suggests active participation of lead in the corrosion process above 370 °C.

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Mechanistic Insights into Refinery Sulfidation Corrosion

Product Number: 51323-19107-SG

Author: Ishan Patel, Gheorghe Bota, David Young

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

High temperature sulfidation (or sulfidic) corrosion of steel by sulfur species in crude oil has long been known to damage refinery equipment. Corrosion engineers have been using prediction curves derived from field corrosion data to estimate rates of sulfidation corrosion. However, a significant inaccuracy is often encountered in these estimations because of the extensive diversity in molecular structures of sulfur compounds in crude oils.