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Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) has been observed for over six decades in light water reactors structural components, with wide variations in the rate of SCC initiation and crack growth. Newer materials have been adopted in the last three decades, primarily the ~30% Cr Alloy 690 (UNS N06690) and its weld metals, Alloy 52 (UNS W86052) and Alloy 152 (UNS W86152). These materials were initially viewed as immune to SCC, but are now recognized to be susceptibility to SCC, and can exhibit high growth rates in some conditions.
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There is extensive evidence from laboratory data and plant experience of the SCC susceptibility of Alloy 82 weld metal in both BWR and PWR environments. Two international expert panels evaluated laboratory data under PWR conditions and created disposition curves to address the effects of stress intensity factor (K), temperature, and other factors. Another expert panel is creating a dispositioncurve under BWR conditions for K, temperature, corrosion potential, impurities, and other factors. Nickel alloy weld metals at lower Cr levels (~15% Cr for Alloy 182 and ~20% Cr for Alloy 82) are more susceptible to SCC than weld metals of higher Cr content (~30% Cr for Alloy 52/152). This paper focuses on on-thefly effects on SCC growth rate of Alloy 82 weld metal in BWR environments of corrosion potential, waterpurity and temperature.
The Hanford Nuclear Reservation contains radioactive and chemically hazardous wastes arising mostly from weapons production, beginning with World War II and continuing through the Cold War. The wastes are stored in 177 carbon steel underground storage tanks, of which 149 are single-shell tanks (SSTs) and the remaining are double-shell tanks (DSTs). The U.S. Department of Energy, Office of River Protection is responsible for retrieving the tank wastes, treating them in order to encapsulate them in glass logs, and then permanently closing the tanks and associated facilities.
The objective of this work was to compare irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) growth behavior in simulated pressurized water reactor (PWR) water with pH maintained with LiOH versus KOH. The U.S. nuclear industry is considering changing PWR primary water chemistries to use KOH in place of LiOH, as a means to ensure a stable supply chain and secure cost savings. This experiment will specifically investigate the impact of these alkali ions on the crack growth rate (CGR) and to examine the crack morphologies generated by the CGR experiment.