Products tagged with 'high temperature hydrogen attack (htha)'

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51318-11128-Hydrogen damage in carbon steel well material from the IDDP-1 geothermal well

Product Number: 51318-11128-SG

Author: Sigrun Nanna Karlsdottir / Tindur Jonsson

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

The IDDP-1 well was the hottest flowing geothermal well in the world ~ 450 °C and 140 bar superheated steam that contained corrosive dissolved gases, H2S, CO2, H2, HCl and HF. The well had to be closed. Steel samples from down-hole were analyzed.

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Metallurgical Aspects of HTHA in CS Below Traditional Nelson Curve Values

Product Number: 51320-15062-SG

Author: Jorge Hau

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

High-Temperature Hydrogen Attack (HTHA) is a phenomenon that involves the formation and accumulation of methane (CH4) in steels operating under conditions where there is hydrogen ingress. To account for the phenomenon, it is necessary to know how the supply of solute carbon atoms occurs. What is discussed here concerns only low-carbon steel within the range 0.08-0.30 wt % carbon that has no intended additions of alloying element such as chromium (Cr) or molybdenum (Mo), and that it is typically delivered in the as-hot worked or normalized condition, resulting in microstructure consisting of pearlite colonies within a matrix of ferrite grains. Carbon steels do not normally contain carbon atoms in solid solution, but most are tied to cementite (Fe3C), except when retained in supersaturated solid solution by rapidly cooling from just below the subcritical temperature Ac1, 727 °C (1340 °F), in which case, the solute carbon atoms do not remain in supersaturated solution for long, they precipitate, but the resulting precipitates are rather unstable and get quickly thermally activated when heated to temperatures that are considered relatively too low to significantly affect the cementite in existing pearlite colonies. Thus, these precipitates may supply solute carbon atoms for HTHA damage to occur at temperatures that would not otherwise occur if there were only cementite in existing pearlite colonies.

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Systematic Approach toward Damage Mechanism Reviews and Mechanical Integrity Improvements for Ammonia Synthesis and Fertilizer Facilities

Product Number: 51323-19349-SG

Author: Michael Nugent, Daniel J. Benac, Sean Berg

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The use of Damage Mechanisms (DM’s) has been successfully developed and applied in the Oil Refining
industry for over 20 years. A damage mechanism is a specific combination of mechanical, chemical,
physical, or other processes that result in equipment degradation (piping or equipment) during operation
(active or shut down). These have been defined for Oil Refining (API RP 5711). API RP 571 is
supplemented with some similar and some specific individual damage mechanism, by technical reports, recommended practices, publications, and bulletins from API, as well as from the National Association of
Corrosion Engineers (NACE - now known as the Association for Materials Protection and Performance
or AMPP), and the Welding Research Council (WRC).