AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'dense phase co2'

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51318-10967-Effect of Temperature and Pressure on the Performance of Corrosion Resistant Alloy (CRA) Coatings in

Product Number: 51318-10967-SG

Author: Shiladitya Paul

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

Thermally sprayed CRA coatings can provide a cost-effective corrosion mitigation method for infrastructure in wet supercritical CO2 at 40°C and 80°C. The scales formed on the steel protected it from further corrosion in 10 MPa and 50 MPa CO2.

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CO2 Transport and Injection, Effect of Impurities, Understanding of Reactions and Consequences

Product Number: 51323-18756-SG

Author: J. Sonke, Y. Zheng

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The effect of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere on temperature has been known for a long time. Although an increase in CO2 concentration has been observed since the 1960s, a clear change in trend of global temperature increase can be observed from around the 1990s. CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) is a mature technology available to reduce emissions from large scale fossil-based energy and industry sources. Sufficient geological storage is available for these sources. Mitigation of CO2 emissions via CCS has been identified as crucial to limit global warming.3 In recent years a significant increase in CCS projects have been proposed and initiated.

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Effect of Sample Configuration on Autoclave Experiment in Dense Phase CO2 with Impurities

Product Number: 51324-21137-SG

Author: Xi Wang; Gaoxiang (Garret) Wu; Yoon-Seok Choi; Srdjan Nesic

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Corrosion plays an important role in the integrity management of the CO2 transport pipeline, since carbon steels, the most common material utilized for pipeline construction, are susceptible to corrosion in the presence of impurities, such as water, SO2, and NO2. Autoclave tests have been used to examine the corrosion susceptibility and severity in this condition. However, studies have shown a range of corrosion rates in similar experimental conditions, and there are no standard methods for laboratory corrosion testing in dense phase CO2 with impurities. In this study, the impact of sample configuration, one of the parameters that can affect the results of the corrosion experiment, is investigated. Autoclave experiments were conducted in dense phase CO2 with O2, SO2, NO2, H2S, CH4, and H2O where the samples were placed either vertically or horizontally. Furthermore, horizontal samples were placed in different locations of the autoclave. The results showed that corrosion was observed on both sides of the vertical samples, while top side of each horizontal sample corroded more compared to the bottom side in some conditions. For horizontal samples, the corrosion rates could increase with the location from top to bottom of the autoclave depending on the combination of impurities.

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Guidance for Materials Selection and Corrosion Control in CO2 Transport and Injection for Carbon Capture and Storage

Product Number: 51322-17726-SG

Author: J. Sonke, S.J. Paterson

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The aim of this work is to identify an approach to materials selection and corrosion control that can address the specific requirements of a Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) project. This work is largely based on the accumulated knowledge and expertise that has been published. Besides the direct guidance from this document, specific topics may require more detail that can be found in the references.

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Impact of Impurities on the Corrosion of CO2 Dense Phase Transmission Pipelines

Product Number: MECC23-20236-SG

Author: Mohammed Yousif, Ayman Musaad, Usman Ali, Ali Alhajeri, Faisal M Al-Abbas

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

A dense phase or supercritical CO2 pipeline is a crucial state in the oil and gas sector, particularly when it comes to enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and carbon capture and storage (CCS)1. The process of CCS involves three stages: capture from sources (e.g., cement factories and power plants), transportation process, and storage. Generally, these pipelines carry CO2 from different industrial facilities to geological formations.

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Influence of the H2 Impurity on the Fatigue Crack Growth and Fracture in a Dense Phase CO2 Pipeline

Product Number: 51324-20721-SG

Author: B Bezensek; S Hopkin; J Sonke; F Gui; C Taylor

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Transport of dense phase CO2 by pipelines needs to account for possible degradation mechanisms arising due to H2 impurity which can be present in (typically) the 0.75 ~ 1 mol% range depending on the specification used. H2 gas can affect fatigue and fracture properties even at low partial pressures and hence the integrity. In this study a complementary experimental and computational modeling program was undertaken. API 5L X65 grade material samples were used for comparable testing in pure H2 gas at low partial pressure H2 and in dense phase CO2 at 100 barg with H2 impurity added in a 2 mol% and 4 mol% increments (i.e. partial pressures of 2 barg and 4 barg). The test results show effect of the H2 impurity in the dense phase CO2 accelerated fatigue crack growth and reduced fracture toughness. These findings are supported by computational simulation using density functional theory and molecular dynamics. A scoping integrity assessment for a dense phase CO2 pipeline with H2 impurity at 2 mol% shows the measured accelerated fatigue crack growth only affects large pressure cycles (pressure range in excess of 70 bar for OD/WT pipelines of ~30). The fatigue life is significantly shortened compared to the pure CO2 pipeline and this is mainly driven by the reduced fracture toughness at low partial pressure H2. The fatigue damage is proportional to the maximum operating pressure (as it increases the pressure range). For a postulated 50-year design life a safe pipeline design window considering a range of conservative inputs (material properties, integrity operating window, geometry, postulated defect size etc.) a safe operating pressure of 2900 psig (200barg) was found for a new build pipeline using modern materials. For a repurposed vintage material pipeline the safe operating pressure was set at 2200 psig (150 barg). An ECA incorporating the deleterious effect of H2 should be conducted to confirm the above postulate unless the project falls within the limits of the conservative inputs (material properties, integrity operating window, geometry, postulated defect size etc.), from a fracture mechanics perspective, of the four case studies that form the basis of this overall study. Other impurities if exceeded their safe threshold may create water drop out and acid formation. It is imperative that the project specifications err on the side of caution and restrict the impurities to safe limits until further understanding of the complex interaction mechanisms is developed.

Products tagged with 'dense phase co2'

51318-10967-Effect of Temperature and Pressure on the Performance of Corrosion Resistant Alloy (CRA) Coatings in

CO2 Transport and Injection, Effect of Impurities, Understanding of Reactions and Consequences

Effect of Sample Configuration on Autoclave Experiment in Dense Phase CO2 with Impurities

Guidance for Materials Selection and Corrosion Control in CO2 Transport and Injection for Carbon Capture and Storage

Impact of Impurities on the Corrosion of CO2 Dense Phase Transmission Pipelines

Influence of the H2 Impurity on the Fatigue Crack Growth and Fracture in a Dense Phase CO2 Pipeline

Association for Materials Protection and Performance