AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'localized corrosion'

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Localized Corrosion Limit of Use of S13%Cr (UNS S41427) Connector in Converted Injection Treated Seawater Well

Product Number: 51324-20714-SG

Author: Nicolas Larché; Marianne Kleive; Charles Leballeur; Eva Malmanger

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Many systems can be converted and used for different applications not initially planned. This is the case for production wells, sometimes converted into water injection wells and for which the production tubing material selection is clearly not adapted for prolonged contact with natural seawater. Oxygen removal treatment must be applied but precise control is not obvious and excursions above zero or close-to-zero oxygen can occur. The production tubing material S13%Cr are known to be sensitive to dissolved oxygen excursions in seawater, but data from the literature cannot precisely help in defining the allowed limits of use. Exploring the possibility to convert a production well into a treated seawater injection well then requires a careful assessment of the corrosion resistance limits of the involved alloys. A series of corrosion tests in treated seawater were designed to assess the limits of use of fast connector made of alloy UNS S41427. The corrosion tests were performed both at laboratory scale and on full-scale fast connectors in a treated seawater flow loops simulating service conditions. For all the performed tests, maintaining the dissolved oxygen content (DOC) at 15 ppb and below never led to localized corrosion and has been considered as a safe condition in terms of corrosion risk for alloy S41427 at ambient temperature. It was found that prolonged dissolved oxygen content (DOC) above 30±10 ppb may lead to initial crevice corrosion after only 4 h of exposure. Globally, a very good correlation between the laboratory and the full-scale test results was found. The critical crevice potential for alloy S41427 was significantly affected by the cleaning process of the tested coupons, while the stop of the corrosion was always measured for potentials reached at DOC < 10 ppb. The proposed methodology, involving both laboratory and full-scale tests, allowed to precisely quantify the limits of use of UNS S41427 in treated injection well. It could be used for any other material and applications to help at designing adapted and reliable engineering diagrams for material selections.

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Localized Corrosion Management For Thermally Insulated Systems Via Insulation Stand-Offs And Low Point Drains

Product Number: 51322-17585-SG

Author: Ahmad Raza Khan Rana, Graham Brigham, Omar Chaar, George Jarjoura

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Corrosion under thermal insulations namely CUI (Corrosion under insulation) is a key degradation process in hydrocarbon facilities which poses asset integrity risks. 1 CUI is reported as the reason behind 40-60% of failures of the process piping in a typical oil refining facility. Speaking smaller-sized process piping (i.e., NPS < 4”), up to 81% of reported failures are known to result from CUI. 2 Monetary spending to inspect and fix CUI-related failures cost 10% of overall maintenance budget in a typical medium-sized oil refinery. 2 CUI risk is influenced by numerous operational and environmental factors which impedes its management in a typical AIM (Asset integrity management) program. The

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Localized Corrosion Managing Clamp in a Crevice Between Clamp and CRAs Pipe/Tube Line

Product Number: 51317--9281-SG

ISBN: 9281 2017 CP

Author: Byoung Young Yoon

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

To support installed tube lines, plastic clamp systems (which cause a high risk of corrosion failure of the pipe and tube) have been widely used. Crevice corrosion resistance of such was investigated based on the standard test methods. Characteristics were analyzed and operational life time estimated.

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Localized Corrosion Studied Via Interferometry Using Modified Surfaces

Product Number: 51322-17747-SG

Author: Tracey Jackson, Haitao Fang, Jagrut Jani, Johnathon Brooks, Lei Huang

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Corrosion failures in the oil and gas industry are dominated by localized failures in carbon steel; however, the industry has yet to develop standards for localized corrosion specifically for low alloy carbon steels (CS) such as UNS K03014 (API) 5LX65 [X65]) or UNS G10180 (C1018). The reasons for the lack of standardization are understandable as they are not trivial. The challenges are as follows: 1) CS pitting is more complex than pitting on stainless steels (SS) and can be impacted by corrosion byproducts and other forms of scales, and 2) surface finish of a test coupon or electrode has a significant impact on the three phases of pitting: initiation, propagation, and termination.

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Materials Compatibility Issues in Biofuels – A Review

Product Number: 51317-10039-SG

ISBN: 0039 2017 CP

Author: Narasi Sridhar

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

The storage and transportation of biofuels continue to be of interest. Material compatibility issues arise. For alcohol fuels, stress corrosion cracking of steels, and swelling and leaching of various polymeric materials. This paper will provide an overview of research that has been conducted in alcohol fuels.

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Monitoring Dynamic Corrosion and Coating Failure Events on Buried Steel Using Electrode Arrays

Product Number: 51317--9238-SG

ISBN: 9238 2017 CP

Author: YongJun Tan

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Cases illustrating the capability of the multi-electrode array in detecting the initiation and propagation of localized corrosion and coating failure: (i) Monitoring localized corrosion…(ii) Visualizing passivity, its breakdown…(iii) Imagining coating disbondment under overprotection.

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Monitoring Localized and General Corrosion using Advanced Electrochemical Sensors

Product Number: 51320-14544-SG

Author: Timothy Duffy, Derek M. Hall, and Serguei, Margaret Ziomek-Moroz

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

In previous years, we have explored the use of electrochemical sensors for humidity and corrosion measurements inside of natural gas pipelines. Designed to operate in systems where a conductive aqueous phase is intermittent or unavailable, these membrane-based sensors utilize electrochemical techniques such as linear polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to determine the environment’s corrosivity to the pipeline material. We now aim to explore this sensor’s performance and capabilities in more complex systems, specifically in environments that promote localized corrosion. Using the aforementioned electrochemical techniques, along with electrochemical noise and cyclic voltammetry, we probe and monitor localized corrosion and general corrosion of X65 steel in the presence of inorganic pitting agents. Experiments are conducted in both aqueous and nonaqueous environments. The additional functionality increases the quantity and quality of corrosion data from these sensors, offering to internal corrosion-monitoring programs a more complete picture of real-time corrosion within their natural gas pipelines.

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Novel Integrated Tool for Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment: A Case Study

Product Number: 51323-19251-SG

Author: Jorge Rodriguez, Gabriel Vazquez, Nicholas Piet, Susana Gomez

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Transportation of energy carriers (not only oil & gas, but also hydrogen, ammonia, methanol, heating fluids) and carbon dioxide requires the use of extensive pipeline networks that are usually built in metallic materials which are subject to material degradation. Carbon steel being the most prevalent due to its properties, availability, cost, and references. Carbon steel as well as other metallic materials suffer from corrosion processes.

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On the weldability and corrosion resistance of alloy UNS N08827 – a further improvement of alloy UNS N08825

Product Number: 51323-18847-SG

Author: Julia Botinha, Martin Wolf, Helena Alves

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Recently, the nickel-based alloy UNS N08827, commercially known as VDM ® Alloy 825 CTP(3), has been presented to the oil and gas industry as an alloy that has been developed to fill in the existing gap between both UNS N08825 and UNS N06625 in terms of localized corrosion resistance. It is a solid-solution nickel alloy with chemical composition similar to UNS N08825, except for its doubled molybdenum content and the no addition of titanium.

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Pitting Corrosion Of A Ni-Cr-Fe Alloy In Chloride And Thiosulfate Solutions: One-Dimensional Artificial Pit Electrode Studies

Product Number: 51321-16523-SG

Author: Abraham A. Becerra Araneda/ Mariano A. Kappes/ Martín A. Rodríguez/ Ricardo M. Carranza

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Role of H2S In Localized Corrosion and Cracking of CRAs in Upstream Oil and Gas Applications

Product Number: 51317--9463-SG

ISBN: 9463 2017 CP

Author: Gareth Hinds

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Materials qualification testing of corrosion resistant alloys (CRAs) typically involves the use of simple pass/fail tests. Modification of existing standards is recommended for environments in which pit initiation is statistically improbable but pit propagation is rapid, e.g. low chloride/high H2S.

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Stray Current Induced Localized Corrosion of Stainless Steel Plates in A Tainter Gate System

Product Number: 51321-16238-SG

Author: Hongbo Ding/Jared Pannell/Dirk van Oostendorp

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Products tagged with 'localized corrosion'

Association for Materials Protection and Performance