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This paper presents several case histories where ductile iron pipeline sections have been investigated to ascertain the corrosioncontrol benefits of polyethylene encasement. Investigative procedures, included cell-to-cell potential surveys, side-drain technique measurements, in-situ and laboratory soil tests, pipe-to-soil potential measurements and excavation inspections.
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Case study for anode grid systems. used for Cathodic Protection of above ground storage tank bottom plates. Technical solutions for arranging the anode grid on large (90 m diameter) tanks are studied and compared in respect to the CP major objective.
Here we would like to elaborate on corrosion risk associated with coatings that shield cathodic protection.
Methods for dealing with sources of errors affecting the accuracy of the Direct Current Voltage Gradient (DCVG) coating defect identification and sizing tool.
This experimental setup includes two samples of buried steel pipes, one provided with an impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) system and the other left unprotected - in a manipulated artificial environment.
This paper involved a case study of a project involving AC interference on pipelines located in Canada where soil resistivities increase rapidly by up to several orders of magnitude once water in the soil freezes in the winter.
The electrical conductivity of the electrolyte is one of the key parameters in the electromechanics of corrosion. Highly conductive electrolytes will permit more current and increase corrosion rates. Conversely, resistive electrolytes will enable less current to flow until the necessary conditions for corrosion are no longer satisfied or slowed.
This paper will look a data derived from sites that demonstrate this evaluation of soil resistivity and how this data may be applied in other aspects of cathodic protection and pipeline integrity management.
In this paper, the CP current distribution with changing resistivities and the area of influence required to meet effective CP criteria, is studied. The results indicate that the tank pad electrolyte resistivity plays a significant role in achieving uniform CP current distribution. The paper also explores the use of Vapor Corrosion Inhibitor (VCI) and its effect on electrolyte resistivity and the resulting CP current distribution.
This Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP) standard test method presents guidelines and procedures for use primarily by corrosion control personnel in the pipeline industry to determine the general condition of a pipeline coating. These techniques are used to measure the coating conductance (inverse of coating resistance) on sections of underground pipelines. This test method applies only to pipe coated with dielectric coatings.
When surveying a coated pipeline system, it may be necessary to determine the conductance of the coating. The conductance of a coating can vary considerably along the pipeline. Variations may be caused by changes in average soil resistivity, terrain, and quality of construction. To obtain data for coating conductance calculations, interrupted structure-to-electrolyte potentials and line current readings are taken at pre-selected intervals. It should be noted that the average soil resistivity has a direct effect on the coating conductance measurement. Because soil resistivity can affect the coating conductance, it must be known when evaluating a section of a pipeline coating.
There are several well documented reports and standards that detail what information is required to assist with an AC threat assessment. The Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP) also details specific requirements and recommendations in terms of AC and the type of data and information required, in the NACE standard SP0177-2019, “Mitigation of Alternating Current and Lightning Effects on Metallic Structures and Corrosion Control Systems”. The documents and reports which address AC threat assessment, and which are available today, are all premised upon best engineering practices.