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Benefits of continuous corrosion monitoring for offshore wind structures

Product Number: 51323-19288-SG

Author: Birit Buhr, Lars Peter Løvendahl Raun, Ruth E. Sørensen, Yaser Rezania, Annika Martina Diederichs

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Back in 1991 the first offshore wind asset was constructed in Denmark near the coastline from Vindeby (which means windy city). This asset comprised 11 foundations with a capacity of 0.36 MW each. Since then; the offshore wind industry has been booming, and projects are becoming bigger and bigger in size (capacity), number of foundations per site and further and further offshore.

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Benefits of using zinc-rich primers in offshore environments

Product Number: 51323-18932-SG

Author: Alex Yagüe Marrón

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The nature and rate of corrosion of a metal depend upon –among other factors- the corrosivity of the environment to which it is exposed. The corrosivity category is a technical characteristic that provides a basis for the selection of materials and protective measures in different environments subject to the demands of the specific application, particularly concerning service life. Data on the corrosivity of the atmosphere is essential for the development and specification of optimized corrosion protection for manufactured products.

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Bio Fuel Feedstock and Finish products – Linings Case Study

Product Number: 51323-18898-SG

Author: Ravi Nagarajan, Steve Liebhart, Pedro Escudero, Shahab Soltaninia

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

There is a sizable push for making more sustainable, renewable, and environmentally friendly fuels. One such example is the recent emphasis on manufacturing biofuels in the form of biodiesel or bio-oil. While ethanol is also considered a biofuel and likely the most widely used it will not be a focus of this discussion.

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Biocide Compatibility with Oxygen Scavenger: A Case Study from Oil Field

Product Number: 51323-19112-SG

Author: Abdul Wahab Al-Ahmad, Adel Jubar Al-Mutairi, Fatma Jassim Behbehani, Ali Mohammed Akrouf, Ashok Mathew

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Kuwait is among the ten top oil producing countries in the world. The state run Kuwait Oil Company produces crude oil through more than 5000 wells spread across the company’s South-East, North and West Kuwait asset areas. The crude oil produced along with saline water and gases (carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide & hydrocarbon gas) is received at manifold headers at Gathering Centers (GC).

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Biocide Resistance in Microbes – An Oilfield Example

Product Number: 51323-19122-SG

Author: Nazima Habibi, Saif Uddin, Abdul Hameed Al-Hashem, Anisha Shajan, Nasreem Abdul Razzack, Farhana Zakir

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Biocorrosion causes huge economic losses to the oil and gas industry.

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Biocide Selection Score Card: A Numerical Approach to Product Selection

Product Number: MECC23-19919-SG

Author: Juan F. Hernández; Ridha H. Abbas; Saud A. Abudaly; Subhash Nair; Sreenivas KM

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Secondary oil production involves the injection of water into the reservoir, generally known as water flooding, to increase the reservoir pressure to its initial levels, to maximize the oil recovery out of the ground. The injected water flows through the formation to flush the oil from the formation into the production system. Injection systems are the portion of the field that is responsible for injecting the water into the formation. Source of water may be lake, river or sea water.

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Biocide Storage Tank Internal Corrosion And A Mitigation Strategy – A Case Study

Product Number: 51322-17906-SG

Author: Ayman A. Alabdullatif, Rakan A. Al-Shebil, Wakeel Ahmad

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Variability of operation and practices can lead to mechanical integrity issues of equipment. A similar case was observed when an external UT survey was conducted on a biocide storage tank that showed localized areas of metal loss in the tank wall. The tank was opened for inspection and extensive internal corrosion damage was observed mainly in the form of large isolated pits. Three potential corrosion mitigation options were evaluated: upgrading the tank material from coated carbon steel to 316 stainless steel, installing a non-metallic lining, or keeping using the coated carbon steel and changing the operation practices. Each mitigation option was evaluated based integrity, feasibility, and economic factors. It was found that keeping the coated carbon steel and adjusting the operation practices can ensure the integrity of the tank while lowering the required economical investment. As such, a new operation manual was issued for the biocide storage tanks that ensured that the corrosion inducing environments are avoided.

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Biocide sustainability impacts Improve seawater pipeline integrity, HSE and groundwater withdrawal avoidance

Product Number: 51323-18991-SG

Author: Juan F. Hernandez, Ridha H. Abbas, Vinicius Giorgetti, Fahad N. Abeedi

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Uncontrolled microbial growth in oilfield systems leads to costly problems such as fouling, plugging,
corrosion and souring. It also directly impacts the safe operation, economic performance and
environmental compliance in all areas of production, transportation, refining and distribution. To reduce
the damaging effect of microbial growth; the oil industry typically uses a variety of toxic organic and
inorganic chemicals (biocides) to treat affected systems

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Biodegradable Antifouling Coating

Product Number: MPWT19-15293

Author: Mohammad Mizanur Rahman

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

Due to the regulations of toxic biocidal products in marine environments, the development of nontoxic antifouling (AF) coatings has become required. The development of nontoxic antifouling formulations implies the use of ingredients (such as: polymers, additives and pigments) that are devoid of toxicity towards marine environments. In this regard, erodible coatings, based on biodegradable polymer, are used to respond to this problem. Recently, polyurethane (PU) has been adopted into antifouling coating due to its ability to migrate the certain functional groups which resist the attachment of fouling. Biodegradation of PU can accelerate the erodible properties which ultimately improve the antifouling properties. In this study, a series of biodegradable PU coatings was formulated by tuning biodegradable polyol. The antifouling performance was evaluated after certain intervals.

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Biodegradable SPC Polyurethane Coating

Product Number: 51320-14721-SG

Author: Mohammad Mizanur Rahman

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

Self-polishing coatings (SPC) are widely being used in marine structures to protect metals from fouling. After restrictions on using toxic metals, coating industry are seeking environmentally-friendly SPC coatings that maintain their performance over extended periods. Unfortunately, most of the commercial SPC coatings contain different toxic materials, besides their performance is inadequate to prevent fouling under adverse conditions. The main mechanism of SPC coating is to facilitate the continuous renewal of the surface and the release of active compound via a hydrolysis reaction or an ion exchange reaction with seawater. In this study, polyurethane (PU) SPC coatings were synthesized by in-situ polymerization using biodegradable polyol. The polishing rate of coating was determined from the reduction in dry film thickness after artificial seawater immersion under a dynamic condition. The fouling resistance of coatings was considered after certain interval.

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Biofuel Tank Lining- From Lab to the Field Journey

Product Number: 51324-20722-SG

Author: Steve Liebhart; Ravi Nagarajan; Pedro Escudero

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The unprecedented growth in the use of bio-based feedstocks in the Oil and Gas industry has led to several research efforts on the part of coating manufacturers to determine best options for the lining of feedstock storage tanks. While a few technologies have emerged as good, better, and best candidates to withstand the chemical exposure and storage temperature of the feedstocks, their application requirements for application conditions vary widely. Given the geographical locations of the facilities that are involved in the production of biofuels, the site environmental conditions make some of the lining options less practical than others for the application of the selected technologies. This paper will screen coatings with different physical properties to support the initial selection process. The results of the tested technologies discuss the preselection of linings for various feedstocks for short term storage. The R & D has been scaled up at different part of the world to mitigate corrosion in Biofuels markets. Due to significant growth in bio fuels the raw feed stock supply options keep growing from standard vegetable seed oils and animal fat to remaining agricultural waste, other animal wastes, municipal wastes etc. This increases the unknown variables in the process causing corrosion and solutions to mitigate. These waste to fuel category is attracting diversified feed stocks in offering from the new market. The findings to adopt the fit for purpose approach is aimed in tooling owners and operators in the journey.

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Biofuels: Lining Systems for a Diverse Array of Sustainably Derived Feedstocks

Product Number: 51323-19061-SG

Author: Mike O’Donoghue, Vijay Datta

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

A biofuel can be described as any fuel where bio-based renewables like oils and fats, organic waste, crops like corn or sugar cane, and algae, etc., are used as precursor feedstocks.

Increasingly, the production of biofuels from biomass is very much part of a global impetus for an energy transition to a “carbon neutral” world. The goal is to reduce the carbon footprint and ensure that sustainable energy from bio-based feedstocks realistically lowers reliance on energy produced from fossil fuels.

Online Conference Paper

Association for Materials Protection and Performance