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This paper describes a research program that was conducted to provide estimates of internal pipeline corrosion rates in inaccessible (offshore) locations from analyses of gas and water samples taken in accessible (onshore) locations.
Integrity management of corrosion under insulation (CUI) has historically and continues to be one of the biggest corrosion related challenges within the oil & gas, maritime, chemical and petrochemical industries.2 Corrosion of piping, associated flanges, pressure vessels and structural components from CUI is a commonly found phenomenon and if left undetected or not stringently managed can result in catastrophic leaks or explosions, equipment failure and periods of prolonged downtime due to repair or replacement. It is estimated around 40% to 60% of an operator’s pipeline maintenance budget is a result of CUI.3
Marine fouling is a significant problem in many industries. Since the ban of tributyl tin, a toxic additive prevalent in anti-fouling coatings, various new technologies have emerged to combat this problem. Silicone elastomers are a popular, non-toxic solution to fouling in numerous marine environments. These coatings, however, still incorporate volatile organic compounds (VOC) to aid in application and often require routine maintenance or recoating in approximately 5 years.
This paper presents and discusses results from testing of AA5083 and AA6082 in natural seawater at 100C. Samples exposed up to 6500 hours under different condition including polarization to -1500 mV vs. Ag/AgCl, - 1050 mV vs. Ag/AgCl and -700 mV Ag/AgCl.
The objective was to compare the effect on corrosion of different field exposure conditions: atmospheric exposure in a medium chloride environment, atmospheric exposure with periodic seawater spray, cyclic alternate immersion, and a typical accelerated atmospheric testing protocol (GM 9540).
Offshore is a very corrosive environment with a high corrosion rate. The offshore coating service life is relatively short and extremely expensive to apply maintenance coatings onsite. A new accelerated coating corrosion test method is proposed.
This guide discusses the rationale and method for improving the statistical quality of coating dry film thickness (DFT) data on ferrous and non-ferrous metal substrates by collecting a larger, more representative data set on various geometries of coated metal surfaces. The data points are collected using traditional Type 2 (electronic) coating thickness gages programmed with continuous read/scanning capability and specialty probes or probe covers, if required by the instrument manufacturer. The guide provides supplementary information to the procedure for obtaining measurements contained in Appendix 10 of the 2022 revision of SSPC-PA 2, “Procedure for Determining Conformance to Dry Coating Thickness Requirements.”
This standard provides guidelines for establishing minimum requirements for the protective coatings of ships exterior topsides and related structures exposed to the marine atmosphere. It covers coating materials, coating test protocol and acceptance criteria, surface preparation, coating application, quality assurance and control, and repair method.
This standard presents acceptable methods and practices for the control of external corrosion on non-mobile structures constructed of steel, stainless steel, cast iron, or aluminum immersed in fresh water through the use of cathodic protection (CP). Such structures may include, but are not limited to trash racks, dams, gates, dock pilings, sheet pilings, and other similar structures located in lakes, rivers, streams, canals, or other similar bodies of fresh water.
This standard is for use by those responsible for the management of marine structures. They will be able to use it to establish the minimum requirements of the Site-Applied Wrap Corrosion Protection Systems they are considering for the protection of the submerged zone and splash zone of shore based marine metallic structures, either at the pointof new construction or during refurbishment or maintenance of existing structures. This standard is not intended to provide the minimum requirements for offshore oil and gas platforms and other similar structures of the offshore oil and gas industry. This standard may be used to provide the minimum requirements for estuarine, paludal, riverine, great lake structures or similar. The Site-Applied Wrap Corrosion Protection Systems in accordance with this standard are considered suitable for further protection by means of cathodic protection.
This AMPP standard practice presents guidelines and minimum requirements for citric acid based passivation of marine storage tanks to identify good cleaning practices and improve corrosion resistance. This standard is intended for use by shipboard personnel, ship owning organizations, commodity owners, tank readiness surveyors, chemical producing organizations, ship surveyors and other stake holders.