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Lack-of-Fusion-like Root Flaws in Stainless Steel Welds

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This paper describes lack-of-fusion-like flaws, which can be formed at weld toes, particularly in pipe butt welds in duplex grades of stainless steel. Some adverse microstructural and geometrical effects associated with those flaws are characterized on actual joints.

Product Number: 51317--9111-SG
ISBN: 9111 2017 CP
Author: Kasra Sotoudeh
Publication Date: 2017
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The corrosion performance of welds in duplex stainless steels is crucial to qualification of weld procedures. This paper describes lack-of-fusion-like flaws which can be formed at weld toes particularly in pipe butt welds in duplex grades of stainless steel. It is suggested that because the way the features appear to be related to deformation of the root during the deposition of fill passes they would be more accurately described as ‘folds’. The features were also re-produced in a series of trial welds and found to be influenced by the weld shape and the number of weld passes in a joint. It was also shown that welds containing these flaws suffered enhanced corrosion in ASTM G48A pitting corrosion tests. Because of their effects on environmental performance it is considered important to gain a better understanding of the factors which influence their formation. The corrosion performance of welds in duplex stainless steels is crucial to qualification of weld procedures. This paper describes lack-of-fusion-like flaws which can be formed at weld toes particularly in pipe butt welds in duplex grades of stainless steel. It is suggested that because the way the features appear to be related to deformation of the root during the deposition of fill passes they would be more accurately described as ‘folds’. The features were also re-produced in a series of trial welds and found to be influenced by the weld shape and the number of weld passes in a joint. It was also shown that welds containing these flaws suffered enhanced corrosion in ASTM G48A pitting corrosion tests. Because of their effects on environmental performance it is considered important to gain a better understanding of the factors which influence their formation. 

Key words: Duplex stainless steel, weld flaws, corrosion, critical pitting temperature

The corrosion performance of welds in duplex stainless steels is crucial to qualification of weld procedures. This paper describes lack-of-fusion-like flaws which can be formed at weld toes particularly in pipe butt welds in duplex grades of stainless steel. It is suggested that because the way the features appear to be related to deformation of the root during the deposition of fill passes they would be more accurately described as ‘folds’. The features were also re-produced in a series of trial welds and found to be influenced by the weld shape and the number of weld passes in a joint. It was also shown that welds containing these flaws suffered enhanced corrosion in ASTM G48A pitting corrosion tests. Because of their effects on environmental performance it is considered important to gain a better understanding of the factors which influence their formation. The corrosion performance of welds in duplex stainless steels is crucial to qualification of weld procedures. This paper describes lack-of-fusion-like flaws which can be formed at weld toes particularly in pipe butt welds in duplex grades of stainless steel. It is suggested that because the way the features appear to be related to deformation of the root during the deposition of fill passes they would be more accurately described as ‘folds’. The features were also re-produced in a series of trial welds and found to be influenced by the weld shape and the number of weld passes in a joint. It was also shown that welds containing these flaws suffered enhanced corrosion in ASTM G48A pitting corrosion tests. Because of their effects on environmental performance it is considered important to gain a better understanding of the factors which influence their formation. 

Key words: Duplex stainless steel, weld flaws, corrosion, critical pitting temperature

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