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A two-year FHWA in-house study was launched in November 2006 to evaluate various coating materials that can be applied as one-coat systems to steel bridges. A total of eight test materials plus a 3-coat system and a 2-coat control system were applied over near-white steel test panels (SSPC-SP10). Their performance is being monitored using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, various surface failures, rust creepage at scribe, adhesion, and change of color and gloss.
The fundamental purpose of protective coatings and linings has always been the protection of structures from the degradation due to environmental and service conditions. While that remains to be the case, coatings are increasingly evaluated on their environmental, health, and safety effects as well as the various operational efficiencies they offer.
A cost versus performance study on the role of thermoplastic liners (TPL) in controlling costs associated with the protection of downhole oil and gas production tubulars from internal wear and corrosion.
There is a wide gulf in the industry between the capabilities of water jetting and wet abrasive blast equipment capabilities and the perception of their capabilities. The misinformation frequently leads to miscommunication between the various parties involved in projects where the equipment and associated standards are used.
According to the international surface preparation standard for welds (ISO8501-3), the preparation grades before the application of paints are divided into 3 levels, P1, P2 and P3. These grades are described with rough qualitative representations, not description of surface treatment methods or measurable conditions. Because of the ambiguous wordings on the standard, there have been a lot of arguments for the surface preparation grades and abraded condition during the construction.
Several studies have focused in the past on the precipitation mechanism of iron carbonate (FeCO3), which is the dominant corrosion product in CO2 environments observed in the oil and gas industry. The dissolved CO2 species undergo a series of chemical reactions and react with the oxidized iron ions forming FeCO3 as the primary corrosion product. In the past, the thermodynamics of each of these reactions have been thoroughly studied and modified by incorporating the effects of temperature and non-ideality.
An experimental study of corrosion of carbon steel in the presence of H2S, CO2 and acetic acid has been carried out. H2S and CO2 partial pressures up to 10 bar each were applied, with temperatures of 25 and 90oC.
Material selection of passivating materials is often based on the assumption of a limit for passivity. In essence this means that for a given environment the selected material should have a corrosion rate that is low enough to be considered negligible. The limit between active corrosion and passivity may be more or less fluid depending on both material and environment. Furthermore active corrosion at a predictable and reasonably low rate may in some cases be acceptable. This work has studied the effect of acid concentration and temperature on the corrosion rate of three different materials. The conditions have been chosen to be able to study both passive conditions and the increase in active corrosion rate as conditions become gradually more aggressive. The studied materials UNS S32205 N08904 and N08825 have been selected due to their relatively similar compositions except the increasing nickel content in each material.
Pipelines are the most effective way to transport oil and natural gas, particularly for their bulk transmission over long distances. Corrosion in oil and gas pipelines occurs because of the presence of dissolved corrosive gases, such as CO2 and/or H2S, in reservoir derived brine, and contact between this brine and the steel surface. The oil phase by itself does not cause corrosion and can even inhibit corrosion.