AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Valves In Hydrogen Gas Transport: The Challenges Of The Energy Transition

Product Number: 51323-19525-SG

Author: Tundzhay Kurtulan, Ivan Gutierrez, Bradley Healey, Mark McLeod

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The suitability of valves in certain profiles for low-pressure pure and blended hydrogen gas service has been investigated. To achieve this, the existing standards, practices, design codes and regulations are reviewed in this paper and the input of natural gas operators, engineering companies, valve manufacturers and experts has been utilized.

The research and trials done by natural gas operators is starting to reveal that the effect of low-pressure hydrogen gas on valves is negligible and the risks involved due to hydrogen embrittlement were low.

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Variability in Accelerated Corrosion Testing

Product Number: 51220-276-SG

Author: N. Rakers, J. Begley, A. Mubarok

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

Accelerated corrosion test methods are regularly utilized in coating industries to predict the performance of coatings in real life exposure. The performance of coatings in these accelerated tests is a key step in the product development cycle. It is essential to understand different factors that may introduce variability in the test result.

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Variable Amplitude Galvanostatically Modulated Impedance Spectroscopy as a Non-Invasive Tool for Assessing Reactivity at the Corrosion Potential

Product Number: 51300-97282-SG

ISBN: 97282 1997 CP

Author: Paul T. Wojcik, Mark E. Orazem

$20.00

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Variables that Affect Calcium Chloride Moisture Testing

Product Number: 41207-342-SG

Author: Rick A. Huntley

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

The calcium chloride moisture vapor transmission test has steadily gained acceptance in the floor coating industry. This paper discusses variables that affect the results of moisture vapor transmission testing, and presents the results of testing designed to measure the effects of certain environmental parameters on the results of calcium chloride moisture vapor transmission testing.

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Variables That Can Affect Pull Off Adhesion of Coatings

Product Number: 51323-19147-SG

Author: Swapnil Shukla, Nicole Rakers, Michael McCarthy, Bernard McPeak

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Adhesion is a physical property that is crucial in many coatings, sealants, and adhesive applications, be it automotive, marine, or aerospace for example. Pull-off adhesion testing is an important tool in evaluating a coating’s performance, particularly while comparing pre- and post-exposure results. No matter what the application, the method for testing adhesion along with selecting the appropriate testing criteria has been the subject of multiple studies and reviews in the historical literature.

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Variances in Pipeline AC Interference Computational Modelling

Product Number: 51319-12985-SG

Author: Gerald Haynes

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The AC interference between High Voltage AC (HVAC) power lines and pipelines has been modelled with various software programs all of which have a variety of input data which results in various results and outputs.Important aspects such as the soil resistivity along the pipeline route can have a significant impact on the pipelines coating resistance. This in turn affects both the computed AC voltages and current densities both of which can significantly affect personal safety and corrosion of the pipeline.Therefore the spacing between these field measurements along the pipeline route can have a significant effect on the pipeline integrity. Soil resistivity measurements collected every 1000ft versus every 5280ft (1 mile) can have a dire consequence on the corrosion results and the matter is exacerbated where these soil resistivity measurement values change significantly along the route. The accuracy of the soil resistivity field data relative to the actual routing (wetlands rivers low and high resistivity’s etc.) will also affect the correct placement of the AC Mitigation (grounding) as well as the resistance of the grounding which in turn has a cost implication to the asset owners and/or operators.Other aspects such as the power line LEF/EMF may also be used to “calibrate” the AC Interference especially where load data is absent.This paper addresses the critical importance of collecting adequate data for the AC Interference studies to prevent costly installations and to mitigate the incorrect positioning of AC Mitigation systems due to inadequate information.

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Venda Calidad, No Precio

Product Number: 41207-308-SG

Author: Frank Magdits

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

Venda Calidad, No Precio consiste en ser selectivo con respecto a la manera de administrar su negocio como contratista de pintura. Implementando una fórmula comercial válida, usted puede incrementar el precio y generar mayores ganancias por cada trabajo.

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Very High Solid Acrylic Polyol Technology for low VOC 2K Direct To Metal (DTM) Coatings

Product Number: 51220-228-SG

Author: J. Arendt, G. Delmas, J.Mazajczyk J.Lassalle, C.Gaudré

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

Metals and their alloys offer high strength and outstanding mechanical properties. When exposed to corrosive conditions metals corrode first creating minor aesthetic problems then with time and further corrosion significant damage and a loss of service life. Corrosion has a demonstrated economic impact on all modern societies. Often multi-layer anticorrosion coatings systems protect the metal from corrosion.

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Very High Strength Low Alloy Steels For HPHT Applications

Product Number: 51322-17721-SG

Author: Florian Thebault, Julien Pennequin, John Fortaillier, Carine Landier

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

More and more High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) sour wells are operated worldwide. Challenging material selection is required for such severe operating conditions.^1,2 Very high strength materials, presenting yield strength above 896 MPa (130 ksi), are required for sustaining the pressure. Consequently, even a low amount of H₂S in the gas phase may lead to a H₂S partial pressure beyond the limit of 3.5 mbar (0.05 psi) established in NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 standard.³ Indeed, both high yield strengths and partial pressures of H₂S contribute to a situation where the risk of Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) is high. The present paper is focusing on the SSC resistance of 130 ksi minimum yield strength material developed for covering such HPHT applications.

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Vessels Replacement Program to Enhance Safety and Reliability

Product Number: MPWT19-15496

Author: Ahmad M. Al-Abdulqader

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

South Ghawar Producing Department has exerted substantial efforts towards executing a seldom project of replacing numbers of extraordinary vessels. Those horizontal vessels were recommended for replacement due to major and excessive Step Wise Cracking, irregular blister and inclusions identified in several traps. These vessels are subject to Hydrogen Induced Cracking, known as HIC and this is mainly SGPD facilities were constructed on old time where SAES was not mandating to utilize HIC resistance material. In 2014, a company wide survey started and as a result 27 out of 121 were identified with HIC damage. To overcome these challenges, SGPD developed a robust action plan, which consists of two parts:
● Long Term Plan which is replacing the impacted vessels with upgraded material “HIC resistance material”
● Short Term Plan to continue the safe and reliable operation of impacted vessels until the vessels are replaced by managing and monitoring HIC growth.
With the short and long term action plan, SGPD controlled HIC concern in affected vessels. But we didn’t want to stop here and we wanted to go the extra mile and add a proactive measure rather than only reactive. Therefore, we partnered with R&DC to implement a proactive initiative at SGPD as the first department in Saudi Aramco called Step-Wise Hydrogen Induced Cracking Toolkit which falls under IR.4.0.

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Vintage Pipeline Enhanced Corrosion Management Analysis

Product Number: 51324-21127-SG

Author: Kenton Lawson; Jason Charles Land; Angel R. Kowalski

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Vintage pipeline operators face increased regulatory challenges. These aging pipeline systems may have decades of metal loss and coating damage from soil interaction, pressure cycling, thermal stresses, and other physical phenomena that affects the pipeline’s mechanical integrity to make it more susceptible to leaks or ruptures. Aging pipeline systems are candidates for Enhanced Corrosion Management Analysis (ECMA) to effectively mitigate corrosion risks. The ECMA methodology begins with the integration and analysis of available corrosion control monitoring, maintenance, inspection, and assessment data, to identify the need to collect additional data. When all data deemed necessary to conduct ECMA is available, an analysis is conducted to identify the possible causes of corrosion metal loss in the pipeline system, e.g., inadequate cathodic polarization, poor or disbonded coating conditions, electrical shielding, stray current interference, or microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Effective mitigation plans are then developed to address most probable causes of corrosion metal loss and integrated into the corrosion management program. A case study is presented to demonstrate the implementation of ECMA on a vintage pipeline system and the development of a 20-year corrosion mitigation plan to effectively minimize the corrosion risk on the pipeline. The case study also illustrates how engineering economic analysis can be used to guide decision making regarding operational life extension of the asset and how a well-planned corrosion management program can provide cost-effective, safe operation over the lifecycle of the pipeline.

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Vinyl Alternative Coatings

Product Number: 51218-153-SG

Author: Jim Smith

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

Vinyl coatings have long been used in the hydro industry for steel structures. As VOC regulations and product availability have changed, owners have moved toward alternative technologies to replace those systems. The intent of this information is to understand the status of vinyl technology, identify and discuss other systems that have historically been used as an alternative, and to review the possibilities of new technologies for these applications.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance