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Heat Treatment of Heat Exchanger U-bends - Practices on Different Materials and Case Histories of Failures

There is currently confusion and differing practices being specified by purchasers, Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger (S&T HX) fabricators and/or U-bend suppliers regarding when and how to heat treat tubing U-bends. The need for Heat Treatment (HT) varies based on the material, service, and tightness of the bend (i.e., the degree of strain). The methods used for heat treating are typically furnace or Electric-Resistance (ER). This paper first summarizes the international codes and standards requirements for S&T HX U-bend heat treatment. Next it provides the highlight of some industry studies and compiles case histories of U-bend failures from literature and conference minutes. The overall goal for this paper is to propose possible initial changes to the relevant standards with future changes being added after the additional testing.
Product Number: 51324-20815-SG
Author: Shahab Soltaninia; Zesan Ardaniel; Cathleen Shargay; Sarah Radovcich
Publication Date: 2024
$40.00
$40.00
$40.00