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51314-3733-Experience with Standard Duplex Stainless Steel Seawater Pump in Arabian Gulf Seawater Conditions

Picture for Experience with Standard Duplex Stainless Steel Seawater Pump in Arabian Gulf Seawater Conditions
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Product Number: 51314-3733-SG
ISBN: 3733 2014 CP
Author: Sivuyile Funani
Publication Date: 2014
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Corrosion problems can be a serious issue in seawater pumps because of the aggressive nature of seawater. Usually damage in seawater can be minimized through use of highly corrosion resistant materials. Standard duplex stainless steels like type 2205 or cast CD4MCuN are frequently used in seawater pump construction because of their superior resistance to localized corrosion and higher strength compared to austenitic stainless steels which are a cheaper material option. Corrosion rates in chlorinated seawater depends on temperature and chloride content among other operation factors. The higher chloride content and cooling seawater temperature on the Gulf coast presents corrosion challenges that are unique to the region which can make materials that perform well in typical cooling seawater system to corrode under certain operating conditions. The failure of a vertical seawater cooling pump components made up of standard duplex stainless steel (type 2205 and cast CD4MCuN) after less than two years of intermittent operation is presented as an example of the poor performance of standard duplex stainless steels in Arabian Gulf cooling seawater. The shaft enclosing tube stud bolts and nuts of a seawater pump were found to be severely corroded. Results of lab analysis that includes optical microscopy hardness testing and chemical analysis (C/S XRF and water) done are presented. Analysis of the failed nuts and bolt indicated that they suffered from crevice corrosion with both ferrite and austenite being preferential attacked at different areas. Severe pitting of the impeller was also observed on the same pump. Only superficial pitting was observed on the four pumps that were operating continuously on the same pond as the one that failed. This failure illustrates that standard duplex stainless steels should be selected and used with care under the extreme gulf seawater conditions. Available literature on performance of standard duplex stainless steels in Arabian gulf conditions is also reviewed.
Corrosion problems can be a serious issue in seawater pumps because of the aggressive nature of seawater. Usually damage in seawater can be minimized through use of highly corrosion resistant materials. Standard duplex stainless steels like type 2205 or cast CD4MCuN are frequently used in seawater pump construction because of their superior resistance to localized corrosion and higher strength compared to austenitic stainless steels which are a cheaper material option. Corrosion rates in chlorinated seawater depends on temperature and chloride content among other operation factors. The higher chloride content and cooling seawater temperature on the Gulf coast presents corrosion challenges that are unique to the region which can make materials that perform well in typical cooling seawater system to corrode under certain operating conditions. The failure of a vertical seawater cooling pump components made up of standard duplex stainless steel (type 2205 and cast CD4MCuN) after less than two years of intermittent operation is presented as an example of the poor performance of standard duplex stainless steels in Arabian Gulf cooling seawater. The shaft enclosing tube stud bolts and nuts of a seawater pump were found to be severely corroded. Results of lab analysis that includes optical microscopy hardness testing and chemical analysis (C/S XRF and water) done are presented. Analysis of the failed nuts and bolt indicated that they suffered from crevice corrosion with both ferrite and austenite being preferential attacked at different areas. Severe pitting of the impeller was also observed on the same pump. Only superficial pitting was observed on the four pumps that were operating continuously on the same pond as the one that failed. This failure illustrates that standard duplex stainless steels should be selected and used with care under the extreme gulf seawater conditions. Available literature on performance of standard duplex stainless steels in Arabian gulf conditions is also reviewed.
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09194 Evaluation of Crevice Corrosion Resistance of Duplex and Super Duplex Stainless Steels for Seawater Pumps

Product Number: 51300-09194-SG
ISBN: 09194 2009 CP
Author: Hiroshi Yakuwa, Katsuhiro Mitsuhashi, Kenichi Sugiyama and Matsuho Miyasaka
Publication Date: 2009
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The crevice corrosion resistance of duplex and super duplex stainless steels used for seawater pumps was evaluated by comparing the to results tests conducted using actual seawater  with the behavior of the stainless steels in artificial seawater
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11351 The Corrosion of Superduplex Stainless Steel in Different Types of Seawater

Product Number: 51300-11351-SG
ISBN: 2011 11351 CP
Author: R Francis, G Byrne and G Warburton
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Superduplex stainless steels have been used in seawater systems since 1986 as castings and since 1990 as wrought product. The present paper describes some of the service environments commonly in use and the conditions that give rise to specific operating potentials. The limits of use under these conditions are described utilizing both laboratory and service experience.
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The Selection of Stainless Steels for Seawater Pumps

Product Number: 51315-5446-SG
ISBN: 5446 2015 CP
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Available cast austenitic and duplex stainless steel grades and their castability and corrosion resistance. The conclusion is that superduplex stainless steel offers the best combination of properties for seawater cooling and firewater pumps.

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