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Evaluation Of Corrosion Prevention And Control Programs For Reinforced Concrete Bridges In Marine Environments

Evaluation of Corrosion Prevention and Control Programs for Reinforced Concrete Bridges in Marine Environments
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Corrosion of steel in reinforced concrete bridges is a major concern for the structural integrity, long-term durability, and maintenance of the highway infrastructure. Statistics from a national study in 2002 indicated that approximately 15% of the national bridge inventory is structurally deficient because of corrosion and the national annual direct cost exceeded $8 billion.1 In the state of Florida, the typical design life expectation for the >6,000 bridges in the state highway infrastructure exceed 75 years.

Product Number: 51322-18203-SG
Author: Kingsley Lau, John Lawler, Matt Fadden
Publication Date: 2022
Industries: Highways & Bridges , Coatings and Linings , Coatings
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$20.00
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Corrosion of steel in reinforced concrete bridges is a major concern for the structural integrity, long-term durability, and maintenance of the highway infrastructure. The corrosion mechanisms vary greatly due to the multitude of engineered highway systems with the varying exposure environments, chemistry, and construction materials. Of the many engineering systems in the highway infrastructure, corrosion of reinforcing steel in bridge substructures has been critical. It is therefore highly advantageous to evaluate the performances of implemented corrosion control measures. Five bridges in Florida utilizing various corrosion mitigation strategies were revisited in 2021 to provide a prospective of their corrosion durability after several decades of service. The assessment compared plain to epoxy coated rebar, use of fly ash, and the use of concrete coatings. The presence of flyash in concrete mix designs allow for slower chloride diffusion rates. The presence of concrete surface coatings can allow lower chloride surface concentrations to develop. Bridge service life assessment should not account for chloride ion diffusivity alone as it was shown that elevated initial chloride concentrations can facilitate corrosion conditions. The barrier provided by epoxy-coated rebar can extend the time to initial concrete degradation caused by corrosion, but corrosion can still develop on the coated reinforcing steel. 

Corrosion of steel in reinforced concrete bridges is a major concern for the structural integrity, long-term durability, and maintenance of the highway infrastructure. The corrosion mechanisms vary greatly due to the multitude of engineered highway systems with the varying exposure environments, chemistry, and construction materials. Of the many engineering systems in the highway infrastructure, corrosion of reinforcing steel in bridge substructures has been critical. It is therefore highly advantageous to evaluate the performances of implemented corrosion control measures. Five bridges in Florida utilizing various corrosion mitigation strategies were revisited in 2021 to provide a prospective of their corrosion durability after several decades of service. The assessment compared plain to epoxy coated rebar, use of fly ash, and the use of concrete coatings. The presence of flyash in concrete mix designs allow for slower chloride diffusion rates. The presence of concrete surface coatings can allow lower chloride surface concentrations to develop. Bridge service life assessment should not account for chloride ion diffusivity alone as it was shown that elevated initial chloride concentrations can facilitate corrosion conditions. The barrier provided by epoxy-coated rebar can extend the time to initial concrete degradation caused by corrosion, but corrosion can still develop on the coated reinforcing steel. 

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Evaluation of Pitting Penetration Associated with Steel Exterior of Hanford Tanks
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Evaluation Of Pitting Penetration Associated With Steel Exterior Of Hanford Tanks

Product Number: 51322-18002-SG
Author: K.J. Evans, S. Chawla, K.M. Sherer, B.C. Rollins, J.A. Beavers, J. S. Page and C.L. Girardot, N. Sridhar
Publication Date: 2022
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The Hanford site contains approximately 55 million gallons (2.08 x 108 liters) of radioactive and chemically hazardous wastes arising from weapons production, beginning with World War II and continuing through he Cold War era. The wastes are stored in 177 carbon steel underground storage tanks, of which 149 are single-shell tanks (SSTs) and the remaining are double-shell tanks (DSTs). Historically, tank failures have been associated with the SSTs
valuation Of Reactive Sulfur For Improved Corrosion Predictions In Oil Refineries
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Evaluation Of Reactive Sulfur For Improved Corrosion Predictions In Oil Refineries

Product Number: 51322-18039-SG
Author: Ishan Patel, Gheorghe Bota, David Young
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00

Naphthenic acids and sulfur species in crude oil cause severe corrosion of the steel equipment of crude distillation units in oil refineries.1–3 Because of rapidly changing oil economics, the refineries have inclined towards cheaper “opportunity crudes”, but the high levels of corrosive species, mainly naphthenic acids and organosulfur compounds, in these crudes would reduce the life of the equipment, and also increase the risk of catastrophic failure.3 So the opportunity crudes are often blended with the crudes containing lower levels of corrosive species; this decreases overall concentration of corrosive species and the corrosion rates.4,5 However, corrosion rates are not simply proportional to the concentrations of naphthenic acids and sulfur species that are present in the crude oil.4,5 Without accurate estimation of corrosion rates by crude oils or their “blends”, carbon steel equipment needs to be constructed with higher wall thickness for safety; if still insufficient, high alloy steels are required.
Picture for Evaluation Of Corrosion Pitting In A 317L Stainless Steel Surface Condenser Tube Bundle
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Evaluation Of Corrosion Pitting In A 317L Stainless Steel Surface Condenser Tube Bundle

Product Number: 51322-17564-SG
Author: Mel J. Esmacher, Edward R. Blessman, Kumar Kembaiyan
Publication Date: 2022
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The power plant is a natural gas-fired, combined cycle plant with three combustion turbines and a single steam turbine. A large stainless steel surface condenser is used to condense steam off of the turbine, and provide high purity steam condensate return to the boiler system. The steam condenser was put into service approximately 15 years ago. This plant takes makeup water for its open recirculating cooling tower water system from a river location that is inland from an ocean coastal area.
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