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Diffusion Limited Oxidation of XLPE Nuclear Electrical Cable Insulation

Approximately 20% of the electricity produced in the United States (U.S.) comes from nuclear power plants (NPPs). Originally, U.S. NPPs were qualified for an operational lifetime of 40 years and NPPs can apply for 20-year license extensions following the original 40-year operating period. While most NPPs have entered extended license periods to 60 years, some are considering license extension to 80 years of operation. The viability of a subsequent license renewal (SLR) is dependent upon NPPs operating safely in accordance with a licensing basis similar to that established with the original 40-year license.

Product Number: ED22-17263-SG
Author: M. Spencer, D. Li, M.R. Pallaka, L.S. Fifield, W.K Fuchs, Y. Ni, A. Zwoster
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00
$20.00
$20.00

During the decades-long operation of commercial nuclear power plants (NPPs), the hundreds of miles of electrical cables for instrumentation, control, and power in each facility can be exposed to elevated temperatures. Several knowledge gaps have been identified related to cable lifetime expectations from initial qualification to extended NPP operation beyond sixty years. Among these knowledge gaps, diffusion limited oxidation (DLO) or oxygen permeability hindrance at the surface of electrical cable insulation due to overly rapid accelerated aging has been a focus. DLO can lead to heterogeneous oxidation of polymeric insulation producing erroneous lifetime prediction when using certain characterization techniques to track insulation degradation. In this study, the most common class of insulation material in electrical cables within NPP containment, cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), was thermally aged at four different temperatures (121°C, 136°C, 150°C, and 165°C) for select exposure periods to determine thermally triggered DLO thresholds. Following aging, the thermally degraded insulation was assessed for DLO using total color difference. By better understanding DLO behavior in accelerated aging, the effects of aging artefacts on lifetime prediction can be better accounted for in cable aging management, including prioritization of cables for testing, repair and replacement.

During the decades-long operation of commercial nuclear power plants (NPPs), the hundreds of miles of electrical cables for instrumentation, control, and power in each facility can be exposed to elevated temperatures. Several knowledge gaps have been identified related to cable lifetime expectations from initial qualification to extended NPP operation beyond sixty years. Among these knowledge gaps, diffusion limited oxidation (DLO) or oxygen permeability hindrance at the surface of electrical cable insulation due to overly rapid accelerated aging has been a focus. DLO can lead to heterogeneous oxidation of polymeric insulation producing erroneous lifetime prediction when using certain characterization techniques to track insulation degradation. In this study, the most common class of insulation material in electrical cables within NPP containment, cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), was thermally aged at four different temperatures (121°C, 136°C, 150°C, and 165°C) for select exposure periods to determine thermally triggered DLO thresholds. Following aging, the thermally degraded insulation was assessed for DLO using total color difference. By better understanding DLO behavior in accelerated aging, the effects of aging artefacts on lifetime prediction can be better accounted for in cable aging management, including prioritization of cables for testing, repair and replacement.