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Assessment of Cement-Lined Pipelines and Challenges

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Steel pipeline is the optimum choice for transporting oil and gas due to its excellent strength,
material properties and cost. Some pipeline services require special attention to avoid
corrosion or erosion, e.g., corrosive water injection systems. To address this, internal liners
have been introduced, including cement-lined to protect the pipelines from such conditions.
Even though cement-liners enhance the reliability of the pipelines, there are still challenges
related to inspection. The inspection of cement-lined pipelines is difficult with in-line
inspection tools (ILI) due to surface roughness of the cement, which impacts the movement.
Also, the cement lining is too thick for the sensors of the ILI tool to measure the steel
thickness through the liner.
Cement-lined pipelines are frequently used for water injection system facilities where
common inspection techniques cannot be used due to inherent limitations. As safety,
reliability and continuity are important at Saudi Aramco operations, the team spare no effort
to ensure the integrity of these pipelines utilizing different inspection techniques. In 2017,
electromagnetic acoustic transmission (EMAT) inspection technology was utilized for the first
time on cement-lined pipelines at the water injection facilities. This paper describes the
capability and successful deployment of EMAT inspection technology.

Product Number: MPWT19-14342
Author: Murtada H. Alsalman, Itoro L. Akrasi, Zakariya H. Alyacoub
Publication Date: 2019
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A Prediction and Inspection Technology for Detecting the Corrosion Under Insulation

Product Number: MPWT19-15162
Author: Ayman Amer, Ali Al Shehri, Vincent Cunningham, Ihsan Taie
Publication Date: 2019
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Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is a critical challenge that affects the integrity of assets for which the oil and gas industry is not immune. Over the last few decades, both downstream and upstream industry segments have recognized the magnitude of CUI and challenges faced by the industry in its ability to handle CUI risk-based assessment, predictive detection and inspection of CUI. It is a concern that is hidden, invisible to inspectors and prompted mainly by moisture ingress between the insulation and the metallic pipe surface. The industry faces significant issues in the inspection of insulated assets, not only of pipes, but also tanks and vessels in terms of detection accuracy and precision. Currently, there is no reliable NDT detection tool that can predict the CUI spots in a safe and fast manner. In this study, a cyber physical-based approach is being presented to identify susceptible locations of CUI through a collection of infrared data overtime. The experimental results and data analysis demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing machine-learning techniques coupled with thermography to predict areas of concern. This is through a simplified clustering and classification model utilizing the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). This is a unique and innovative inspection technique in tackling complex challenges within the oil and gas industry, utilizing trending technologies such as big data analytics and artificial intelligence.
Picture for Improving the Durability of Cement Mortar Lined Pipes for Geothermal Applications
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51313-02560-Improving the Durability of Cement Mortar Lined Pipes for Geothermal Applications

Product Number: 51313-02560-SG
ISBN: 02560 2013 CP
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Picture for Risk-based Coating Inspections Against Potential Corrosion Threats (RBCI)
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Risk-based Coating Inspections Against Potential Corrosion Threats (RBCI)

Product Number: MPWT19-14292
Author: Kumar Kolur Vadivelu
Publication Date: 2019
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Risk-based inspection is a business process and improvement tool to enhance asset performance as well as asset life. This paper intends to discuss risk-based coating inspection parameters to enhance coating/lining life and prevent and or mitigate the corrosion threat to assets. This paper further discusses each key aspect of protective coating/lining inspection parameters and its intended purpose.
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