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Assessment of Cement-Lined Pipelines and Challenges

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Steel pipeline is the optimum choice for transporting oil and gas due to its excellent strength,
material properties and cost. Some pipeline services require special attention to avoid
corrosion or erosion, e.g., corrosive water injection systems. To address this, internal liners
have been introduced, including cement-lined to protect the pipelines from such conditions.
Even though cement-liners enhance the reliability of the pipelines, there are still challenges
related to inspection. The inspection of cement-lined pipelines is difficult with in-line
inspection tools (ILI) due to surface roughness of the cement, which impacts the movement.
Also, the cement lining is too thick for the sensors of the ILI tool to measure the steel
thickness through the liner.
Cement-lined pipelines are frequently used for water injection system facilities where
common inspection techniques cannot be used due to inherent limitations. As safety,
reliability and continuity are important at Saudi Aramco operations, the team spare no effort
to ensure the integrity of these pipelines utilizing different inspection techniques. In 2017,
electromagnetic acoustic transmission (EMAT) inspection technology was utilized for the first
time on cement-lined pipelines at the water injection facilities. This paper describes the
capability and successful deployment of EMAT inspection technology.

Product Number: MPWT19-14342
Author: Murtada H. Alsalman, Itoro L. Akrasi, Zakariya H. Alyacoub
Publication Date: 2019
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CORROSION INHIBITORS IN O&G INDUSTRY: A REVIEW OF CURRENT APPLICATION CHALLENGES AND RESEARCH GAPS

Product Number: MPWT19-14515
Author: Faisal M. Al-Mutahhar, Rakan A. Al-Shebil, and Hassan A. Al-Ajwad
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Corrosion continues to be a threat to the petroleum industry. It risks people’s lives, assets integrity and the environment. These risks are mitigated by different means such as selection of appropriate materials, chemical treatment, cathodic protection, protective coatings, and process control. One of the most common corrosion control measures is the use of corrosion inhibitors. This is a cost-effective option that can be applied to upstream, mid-stream and downstream facilities. This has driven the research institutes and the chemical manufacturers to invest on developing corrosion inhibitor chemistries for field-specific applications. In spite of all the efforts being put, there are still many important aspects about corrosion inhibition treatment that need to be researched for a better understanding of the chemicals’ performance, monitoring, laboratory testing, and field application. This paper highlights knowledge gaps to invite focused research to help bridging the gaps between operators, research institutes and developing companies. These gaps are classified in four main areas: Field Monitoring, Facility Design, Laboratory Testing, and Simulation & Prediction.
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