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When a pipeline is co-located with an AC powerline, it is subject to AC interference effects. These AC interference effects can result in safety hazards to operating personnel and the public under powerline steady-state (normal operation) and fault (short-circuit) conditions.
This paper discusses the factors that should be considered when designing AC mitigation systems for pipeline facilities. Such factors include facility layout, isolation points, fencing, and ground conditions. The paper also discusses the different mitigation strategies that can be implemented including gradient control grids, ensuring electrical continuity, and grounding.
AC interference analysis between high voltage AC (HVAC) powerlines and buried pipelines is a matter of current interest due to the growing number of right-of-ways shared between powerline and pipeline infrastructure. This is only expected to increase as the worldwide energy demand grows considerably over the next 30 years,1 and stricter environmental regulations and policies are applied. Therefore, AC interference will continue to be an issue of concern for powerline and pipeline operators to protect the public, environment, and maintain asset integrity.
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AC interference studies have become increasingly popular in an industry where shared right of ways have increased and there has been a better understanding of how AC interacts between pipelines and powerlines that are collocated with each other. While modeling software for AC interference studies have been developed since the 1990s, advancement in AC interference processes have occurred as more has been learned over the years. When performing an AC interference study there are three steps that need to be completed: field data collection, modeling, and mitigation design. Within this paper, we can compare a project from ten years ago to a project from today to understand the developments that have been made over the course of time to improve the way we develop our mitigation designs.
Corrosion risk due to AC interference has been known to be a possibility for decades but really came to the awareness of pipeline industry professionals starting around 2000 to 2004. Prior to that time there were some lab simulations as well as some suspected incidents in actual field situations, but many in the industry resisted accepting this as a real risk even as late as 2012 or later. Part of the reluctance to view AC interference as a genuine corrosion risk was that corrosion directly attributed to AC interference had not really been seen in the century of buried pipeline management, as well as a lack of understanding as to how this interference produced or accelerated corrosion on the pipeline.