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98637 CATHODIC PROTECTION CRITERIA FOR PRESTRESSED CONCRETE PIPE

Picture for 98637 CATHODIC PROTECTION CRITERIA FOR PRESTRESSED
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Product Number: 51300-98637-SG
ISBN: 98637 1998 CP
Author: Sylvia C. Hall
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Prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP) is used in water and waste water systems that serve virtually every major city in North America. Under certain conditions, such as high chloride environments, the steel can depassivate, leading to corrosion. Under these conditions, cathodic protection (CP) can be used to protect the encased steel elements. This paper provides the theoretical consideration and the results of laboratory and field investigations performed during the past decade to determine the effects of CP on the performance of passivated, corroded, and split prestressing wire immersed in an environment to simulate sound mortar and mortar surrounding severely corroded wire. The current densities required to achieve a 100 mV polarization or depolarization shift and the maximum potential criterion to prevent hydrogen embrittlement were determined. The effect of low pH due to corroding wire, the susceptibility of prestressing wire to hydrogen embrittlement, and the approximate length of time and potentials to produce hydrogen embrittlement and eventual wire failure were determined. The effect of discontinuing high levels of CP on the diffusion of hydrogen from wire and the recovery of ductility was evaluated. The amount of current flowing to the prestressing wire and steel cylinder at various current densities were also determined. Case histories of five cathodically protected pipelines are given. The data and results are presented and the minimum and maximum potential levels are recommended. The use of potential monitoring of PCCP to locate corrosion and possible causes of corrosion requiring CP is also presented. Keywords: Cathodic protection criteria, concrete pressure pipe, hydrogen embrittlement, monitoring, PCCP, prestressing wire.
Prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP) is used in water and waste water systems that serve virtually every major city in North America. Under certain conditions, such as high chloride environments, the steel can depassivate, leading to corrosion. Under these conditions, cathodic protection (CP) can be used to protect the encased steel elements. This paper provides the theoretical consideration and the results of laboratory and field investigations performed during the past decade to determine the effects of CP on the performance of passivated, corroded, and split prestressing wire immersed in an environment to simulate sound mortar and mortar surrounding severely corroded wire. The current densities required to achieve a 100 mV polarization or depolarization shift and the maximum potential criterion to prevent hydrogen embrittlement were determined. The effect of low pH due to corroding wire, the susceptibility of prestressing wire to hydrogen embrittlement, and the approximate length of time and potentials to produce hydrogen embrittlement and eventual wire failure were determined. The effect of discontinuing high levels of CP on the diffusion of hydrogen from wire and the recovery of ductility was evaluated. The amount of current flowing to the prestressing wire and steel cylinder at various current densities were also determined. Case histories of five cathodically protected pipelines are given. The data and results are presented and the minimum and maximum potential levels are recommended. The use of potential monitoring of PCCP to locate corrosion and possible causes of corrosion requiring CP is also presented. Keywords: Cathodic protection criteria, concrete pressure pipe, hydrogen embrittlement, monitoring, PCCP, prestressing wire.
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10121 Cathodic Protection Monitoring of Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe (PCCP)

Product Number: 51300-10121-SG
ISBN: 10121 2010 CP
Author: Yanxia Du, Lei Zhang, Lining Xu, Minxu Lu
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96322 CATHODIC PROTECTION OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE CYLINDER PIPE UTILIZING ZINC ANODES

Product Number: 51300-96322-SG
ISBN: 96322 1996 CP
Author: Risque L. Benedict, Jerald G. Ott, David H. Marshall, Dale White
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99543 IN SEARCH FOR CRITERIA TO AVOID EMBRITTLEMENT ON PRESTRESSED CONCRETE PIPE

Product Number: 51300-99543-SG
ISBN: 99543 1999 CP
Author: Risque L, Benedict, Richard O. Lewis
Publication Date: 1999
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Some of many hundreds of miles of prestressed pipe installed in the late 1960’sand 1970’s have failed due to corrosion of the prestressing wire. Is it safe to follow conventional CP protection guidelines?  Should the protection criteria be selected by age and condition of the pipeline, physical and mechanical properties of the wire, and the environmental conditions surrounding the pipeline?
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