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97513 EFFECTS OF RESIDUAL ELEMENTS ON THE CORROSION RESISTANCE OF STEELS IN HF

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Product Number: 51300-97513-SG
ISBN: 97513 1997 CP
Author: G. Chirinos, S. Turgoose, R.C. Newman
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The effects of Cu, Ni and Cr alloying on HF corrosion were studied using special low-carbon alloys, and the results compared with two commercial steels that had shown dtierent resistance in HF alkylation service. Three HF concentrations (60%, 90% and 98.4%)and two temperatures (room temperature and 90°C) were used. The electrochemical techniques were impedance spectroscopy, polarization curves and zero-resistance ammetry of coupled electrodes. Long-term immersion tests in 60% HF were used to study the fluoride scales in cross-section. In deoxygenated 98.4% acid, the most notable results were a beneficial effect of Ni in the pure steels and a strong detrimental effect of carbon in the commercial steels. In 90% acid Cu and C were both detrimentrd. In 60%acid at 90°C, Cr and C were beneficial. Oxygen addhion to the 60% acid at room temperature caused a very high average corrosion rate and massive high-density pitting, out of all proportion to the supply of oxygen to the surface, suggesting that the salt film was destroyed by oxygen. The commercial steels had higher potentials and formed different coloured fluoride scales these observations are associated with the introduction of carbides into the scale. Kevwords: Hydrofluoric acid, corrosion, steel, alloying effects, alkylation surface film
The effects of Cu, Ni and Cr alloying on HF corrosion were studied using special low-carbon alloys, and the results compared with two commercial steels that had shown dtierent resistance in HF alkylation service. Three HF concentrations (60%, 90% and 98.4%)and two temperatures (room temperature and 90°C) were used. The electrochemical techniques were impedance spectroscopy, polarization curves and zero-resistance ammetry of coupled electrodes. Long-term immersion tests in 60% HF were used to study the fluoride scales in cross-section. In deoxygenated 98.4% acid, the most notable results were a beneficial effect of Ni in the pure steels and a strong detrimental effect of carbon in the commercial steels. In 90% acid Cu and C were both detrimentrd. In 60%acid at 90°C, Cr and C were beneficial. Oxygen addhion to the 60% acid at room temperature caused a very high average corrosion rate and massive high-density pitting, out of all proportion to the supply of oxygen to the surface, suggesting that the salt film was destroyed by oxygen. The commercial steels had higher potentials and formed different coloured fluoride scales these observations are associated with the introduction of carbides into the scale. Kevwords: Hydrofluoric acid, corrosion, steel, alloying effects, alkylation surface film
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06588 CORROSION RATES OF CARBON STEEL In HF ALKYLATION SERVICE

Product Number: 51300-06588-SG
ISBN: 06588 2006 CP
Author: Clinton J. Schulz
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Corrosion rates for carbon steel piping circuits in a petroleum refinery HF (hydrofluoric) Alkylation unit were examined. The HF acid process environment was one of three types: liquid HF acid, superheated HF acid vapor, or HF acid dissolved in a hydrocarbon phase.
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99381 CARBON STEEL FLANGES AND WELDS EVALUATION ON HF-ALKYLATION UNIT

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03651 Specification for Carbon Steel Materials for Hydrofluoric Acid Alkylation Units

Product Number: 51300-03651-SG
ISBN: 03651 2003 CP
Author: Andy Gysbers, Hisham Hashim, Dannie Clarida, Gregmar Chirinos, Dr. John Marsh, Dr. Jim Palmer
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 Joint Industry Project “Materials Specification for HF Alkylation Plant” to develop test and corrosion rate measurement procedures for materials in HF environments and to develop a carbon steel materials specification w.r.t levels of residual elements and carbon in steels for HF alkylation equipment.
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