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96508 HIGHLY ALLOYED STAINLESS STEELS FOR SEA WATER APPLICATIONS

Picture for 96508 HIGHLY ALLOYED STAINLESS STEELS FOR SEA
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Product Number: 51300-96508-SG
ISBN: 96508 1996 CP
Author: J-P. Audouard, M. Verneau
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Natural sea water is known as a very agressive environment which generates pitting and crevice corrosion on stainless steels. High chromium grades with sufficient molybdenum and nitrogen additions (PREN >40) arc generally recognized as resistant materials in natural sea water but the material selection criteria must be improved to take into account the effect of climate conditions and of biocide treatments which are widely used as anti-fouling agents in sea water circuits. The paper deals with the localized corrosion properties of conventional stainless steels (SS), duplex and supcraustenitic alloys. The results of laboratory investigations conducted in more or Iess oxydizing chloride containing media are discuuscd. Then, immersion tests carried out in natural sea waters in different climatic conditions are presented and discussed. Finally, the effect of biocidc addition on fouling and its consequences on corrosion is investigated. The results are interpreted taking into account the chemical composition of the stainless steels and biofilm criteria. The results showed the Mediterranean Sea to be slightly more agressive than other european seas but a PREN value higher than 40 is sufficient for stainless steels to withstand localized corrosion in European natural sea waters. A residual chlorine level around 0.3 -0.4 ppm was found to bc very effective to limit the fouling and to avoid localized corrosion on SS. Nevertheless, due to difficulties in monitoring chlorine addition, PREN values higher than 50 arc rccommandcd to withstand localized corrosion in treated sea waters. As an example, the new super-austenitic grade 25 Cr-22Ni-5.8Mo-1.5CU-2W-0.45N with a PRENW value of 54 was found to be perfectly resistant to crevice corrosion wilh 0.5 ppm free chlorine at ambiant temperature. Keywords : Stainless Steels, Pitting Corrosion, Crevice Corrosion, Alloying elements, Electrochemical tests, Sea Water, Biofilm, Fouling, Chlorination, Climate
Natural sea water is known as a very agressive environment which generates pitting and crevice corrosion on stainless steels. High chromium grades with sufficient molybdenum and nitrogen additions (PREN >40) arc generally recognized as resistant materials in natural sea water but the material selection criteria must be improved to take into account the effect of climate conditions and of biocide treatments which are widely used as anti-fouling agents in sea water circuits. The paper deals with the localized corrosion properties of conventional stainless steels (SS), duplex and supcraustenitic alloys. The results of laboratory investigations conducted in more or Iess oxydizing chloride containing media are discuuscd. Then, immersion tests carried out in natural sea waters in different climatic conditions are presented and discussed. Finally, the effect of biocidc addition on fouling and its consequences on corrosion is investigated. The results are interpreted taking into account the chemical composition of the stainless steels and biofilm criteria. The results showed the Mediterranean Sea to be slightly more agressive than other european seas but a PREN value higher than 40 is sufficient for stainless steels to withstand localized corrosion in European natural sea waters. A residual chlorine level around 0.3 -0.4 ppm was found to bc very effective to limit the fouling and to avoid localized corrosion on SS. Nevertheless, due to difficulties in monitoring chlorine addition, PREN values higher than 50 arc rccommandcd to withstand localized corrosion in treated sea waters. As an example, the new super-austenitic grade 25 Cr-22Ni-5.8Mo-1.5CU-2W-0.45N with a PRENW value of 54 was found to be perfectly resistant to crevice corrosion wilh 0.5 ppm free chlorine at ambiant temperature. Keywords : Stainless Steels, Pitting Corrosion, Crevice Corrosion, Alloying elements, Electrochemical tests, Sea Water, Biofilm, Fouling, Chlorination, Climate
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