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Various solutions implemented to achieve effective corrosion control in above ground crude oil storage tanks have been described to evaluate effectiveness of the implemented solutions. The effectiveness of the implemented corrosion control methods has been evaluated over a period of more than twenty years.
Corrosion Control for above ground crude oil storage tanks presents a real challenge due to the factors like large and complex tank geometries, the proximity of anodes to the tank bottom, tank design, electrical isolation etc. The issue is further complicated by the provisions such as leak detection system, secondary containment or specialized foundation designs.
Inadequate / inappropriate corrosion control may pose serious environmental and safety hazards, in the event of leakage / seepage from the large crude oil storage tanks, which handle enormous amounts of highly flammable hydrocarbons. Various solutions implemented to achieve effective corrosion control in above ground crude oil storage tanks at various locations by Energy major in India, have been described to evaluate effectiveness of the implemented solutions.
Key words: conference papers, 2017 conference papers, Cathodic Protection, Tank Bottom, Soil Side Corrosion, Corrosion Control
This paper describes the corrosion risk assessment and corrosion mitigation of bottom plates on aboveground tanks used for the storage. The standard method of determining the corrosiveness or the effectiveness of cathodic protection on a tank bottom is the tank-to-soil potential measurement. One of the problems associated with monitoring cathodic protection systems on tank bottoms is the inability to assess empty space under the tank or to place a reference electrode in close proximity to the underside of the tank resulting in measurements that may not represent the tank-to-soil potential at specific areas or at the center of the tank bottom. When utilizing earthen foundations soil analysis is useful to help determine whether the potential corrosion activity will be high enough to make cathodic protection necessary and whether cathodic protection will be a practical application to prevent corrosion. The advantages and disadvantages of each will be discussed. Determination of aggressive ions such as chlorides and sulfates along with measurement of moisture pH and resistivity at shallow and deep burial are helpful for further corrosion analysis. Predictive modeling based on soil corrosivity data will provide life expectancy or remaining life with moderate to high confidence levels. Corrosion mitigation techniques such as cathodic protection concrete foundations and VCI will be discussed briefly.In this paper case histories of corrosion perforation will be provided. On-site visual inspection magnetic flux leakage (MFL) inspection ultrasonic testing (UT) and evaluation of the external cathodic protection (CP) system will be considered in the failure analysis. The corrosion products were analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) to determine the possible corrosion mechanisms.
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Storage tanks are the primary means for storing large volumes of liquids and gaseous products. Metalloss from internal and external corrosion can reduce the service life of a tank. It is important to maintainthe integrity of steel storage tanks for safety, economic, and environmental reasons.Saudi Aramco implemented three different scenarios of cathodic protection (CP) during bottom platereplacement for three typical tanks. The tanks’ bottom plates were replaced based on thicknessmeasurements and visual inspection that revealed severe corrosion from soil. The main reason forsuch corrosion was due to the asphalt layer underneath the tank. It was considered during thereplacement of the bottom plate to provide a reliable external (CP) and leak detection system. Thepurpose of this paper is to demonstrate the experience gained from executing CP upgrades, and toprovide the best option to ensure integrity, cost saving and fewer shutdown periods.