11392 Glossary of Boiler Tube Microstructures and Its Use to Verify Oxide Thickness Temperature Estimations

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Product Number: 51300-11392-SG

ISBN: 2011 11392 CP

Author: Catherine A. Noble

Publication Date: 2011

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A glossary of boiler tube microstructures for some commonly used ASME B&PV Code Section II tube materials has been compiled to show typical as-received microstructures and alterations created by various exposure conditions. Materials include carbon steels (SA-178, SA-192, SA-210, SA-285, and SA-515) and chromium-molybdenum steel alloys (SA-213, Grades T11 and T22). Exemplar samples were prepared from new “stock” material as well as samples aged at set temperatures for various times in the laboratory. This tool is useful in comparing actual boiler tube failures to quantify temperature/time exposures. It is also valuable in verifying equivalent temperatures estimated from oxide thickness measurements used to calculate remaining creep life. This paper will present examples of this glossary and practical examples of the verification process for steam-touched tubes.

Key words: microstructure, carbon steel, chromium-molybdenum steel, remaining creep life, boiler tube, thermal degradation, oxide thickness

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07450 FAILURE ANALYSIS AND INVESTIGATION METHODS FOR BOILER TUBE FAILURES

Product Number: 51300-07450-SG

ISBN: 07450 2007 CP

Author: Mehrooz Zamanzadeh, Edward S. Larkin, George T. Bayer, and William J. Linhart

Publication Date: 2007

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Failure analysis methodology is applied to the principal mechanisms by which boiler tubes fail during service. sThe failure analysis procedure, or methodology for evaluation, is provided in a step by step approach. Among the case histories discussed are: fatigue, erosion, short-term overheating, and hydrogen damage.