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09480 How Do Microstructure and PREN Affect the Erosion Corrosion Behaviour of Stainless Steels?

Picture for 09480 How Do Microstructure and PREN Affect the Erosion Corrosion Behaviour of Stainless Steels?
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Product Number: 51300-09480-SG
ISBN: 09480 2009 CP
Author: Wolfgang Havlik, Joachim Haberl, Peter Hosemann, Gregor Mori and Peter Wagner
Publication Date: 2009
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Critical fluid velocities and erosion corrosion rates are often limiting production rates in oil and gas production. A combined flow loop - jet impingement pilot plant has been used to determine mass loss rates in mixed gas - saltwater - sand multiphase flow conditions at impact velocities up to 60 m/s. Artificial brine with a salt content of 27 g/l was used as liquid phase. The sand content, with grain size below 150 µm, was up to five times higher than field conditions to accelerate testing. CO2 at a pressure of 1,500 kPa was used as the gas phase. Rectangular stainless steel samples were cut out from bars and pipes, mechanically ground and polished prior to testing. Damaged surfaces of specimens exposed to the high velocity multiphase flow were investigated by stereo microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an optical device for 3D surface measurements. Metallographic cross sections of the tested samples were prepared to characterize the microstructure underneath the damaged surface areas. Electrochemical investigations according to ASTM G 61 were performed to determine electrochemical behavior of tested materials including critical pitting potentials Epit and repassivation potentials Erepass.

The influence of impact velocity on mass loss rates (penetration rates) of an austenitic, a martensitic and a duplex stainless steel grade are presented. Effects of chemical composition, pitting resistance equivalent number (PREN), microstructure and mechanical properties are critically discussed.

Keywords: erosion corrosion, multiphase flow, stainless steel, PREN, microstructure
Critical fluid velocities and erosion corrosion rates are often limiting production rates in oil and gas production. A combined flow loop - jet impingement pilot plant has been used to determine mass loss rates in mixed gas - saltwater - sand multiphase flow conditions at impact velocities up to 60 m/s. Artificial brine with a salt content of 27 g/l was used as liquid phase. The sand content, with grain size below 150 µm, was up to five times higher than field conditions to accelerate testing. CO2 at a pressure of 1,500 kPa was used as the gas phase. Rectangular stainless steel samples were cut out from bars and pipes, mechanically ground and polished prior to testing. Damaged surfaces of specimens exposed to the high velocity multiphase flow were investigated by stereo microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an optical device for 3D surface measurements. Metallographic cross sections of the tested samples were prepared to characterize the microstructure underneath the damaged surface areas. Electrochemical investigations according to ASTM G 61 were performed to determine electrochemical behavior of tested materials including critical pitting potentials Epit and repassivation potentials Erepass.

The influence of impact velocity on mass loss rates (penetration rates) of an austenitic, a martensitic and a duplex stainless steel grade are presented. Effects of chemical composition, pitting resistance equivalent number (PREN), microstructure and mechanical properties are critically discussed.

Keywords: erosion corrosion, multiphase flow, stainless steel, PREN, microstructure
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09483 Erosion-Corrosion in Oil and Gas – Stainless Steel Under De-Aerated Slurry Impingement Attack

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The goal of this work is to determine erosion-corrosion damage caused by liquid impact in the oil and gas industry.

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