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09255 Corrosion in Super Critical CO2

Product Number: 51300-09255-SG
ISBN: 09255 2009 CP
Author: Feng Gui, Francois Ayello, Narasi Sridhar and Ramgopal Thodla
Publication Date: 2009
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Increased green house gas emissions are expected to cause significant environmental and climatic changes. One of the important concerns in these efforts is that most of the CO2 generation sites are not necessarily close to the storage sites and this will require a network of pipelines for the transportation of the super critical CO2 to storage sites. The development of the pipeline infrastructure for transport of supercritical CO2 will play an important role in enabling carbon capture and storage (CCS) to be an integral part of power generation and reduction of green house gas emissions. Corrosion issues associated with impurities and contaminants in the CO2 have been studied by modelling the role of various impurities on the condensation of a second phase as well as performing electrochemical experiments in condensed phase conditions. The results of the work indicate that the presence of small amounts of water can cause a high corrosion rate in carbon steel, and the presence of amines like MEA (Mono Ethanol Amine) causes a significant decrease in the corrosion rate.
Increased green house gas emissions are expected to cause significant environmental and climatic changes. One of the important concerns in these efforts is that most of the CO2 generation sites are not necessarily close to the storage sites and this will require a network of pipelines for the transportation of the super critical CO2 to storage sites. The development of the pipeline infrastructure for transport of supercritical CO2 will play an important role in enabling carbon capture and storage (CCS) to be an integral part of power generation and reduction of green house gas emissions. Corrosion issues associated with impurities and contaminants in the CO2 have been studied by modelling the role of various impurities on the condensation of a second phase as well as performing electrochemical experiments in condensed phase conditions. The results of the work indicate that the presence of small amounts of water can cause a high corrosion rate in carbon steel, and the presence of amines like MEA (Mono Ethanol Amine) causes a significant decrease in the corrosion rate.
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CO2 stream in CCS system usually contains impurities, such as water, O2, SO2, NO2, H2S, and other trace substances, which could pose a threat to internal corrosion and integrity of CO2 transportation pipelines. The general and localized corrosion behavior of API 5L X65 mild steel were evaluated using an autoclave both in water-saturated CO2 and CO2-saturated water environments in the presence of varying concentrations of O2. Experiments were performed at 25 °C and 35 °C, 8 MPa and 35 °C, 4 MPa to simulate the conditions encountered during dense, supercritical and gaseous CO2 transport. General corrosion rates were obtained by weight-loss method. The surface morphology of the coupons was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that general corrosion rates at each O2 concentration in CO2-saturated water environment were much higher than those in water-saturated CO2 environment. The corrosion rates did not increase with increasing O2 concentration from 0 to 2000 ppm; instead the corrosion rate reached a maximum with 1000 ppm O2 at 25 °C, 8 MPa and 50 ppm O2 at 35 °C, 8 MPa in water-saturated CO2 environment and 50 ppm at 25 °C, 8 MPa and 100 ppm at 35 °C, 8 MPa in CO2-saturated water environment. However, the change trend of general corrosion rate with O2 content at 35 °C, 4 MPa was different from that in 25 °C and 35 °C, 8 MPa both in water-saturated CO2 and CO2-saturated water environments. Localized corrosion or general corrosion rate of over 0.1 mm/y was identified at each test condition both in a water-saturated CO2 and CO2-saturated water environments. When O2 was added, coupon surfaces were covered by a more porous corrosion product scale. A final series of tests conducted with the addition of 100 ppm and 2000 ppm O2 in CO2 environment with 60% relative humidity (RH) and 80% RH revealed that no localized corrosion was observed and the general corrosion rates were lower than 0.1 mm/y at 25 °C and 35 °C, 8