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08662 Sulfur Production Associated with Souring Control by Nitrite Injection: A Potential Corrosion Risk?

Picture for 08662 Sulfur Production Associated with Souring Control by Nitrite Injection: A Potential Corrosion
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Product Number: 51300-08662-SG
ISBN: 08662 2008 CP
Author: Shiping Lin, MSc., Graduate, Gerrit Voordouw, and Dennis Coombe
Publication Date: 2008
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Injection of nitrate into an oil field can significantly reduce the concentration of sulfide produced by endogenous sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Although much is known of the effects of nitrate in relatively high temperature reservoirs (60-80 oC), flooded with seawater, its effectiveness in lower temperature reservoirs (30-40 oC) subjected to produced water reinjection (PWRI) is less well understood. The nitrate-reducing, sulfide-oxidizing bacterium (NR-SOB) Thiomicrospira sp. strain CVO, was isolated from such a reservoir. This organism converts sulfide and nitrate into sulfate and nitrite or into sulfur and nitrogen, depending on whether the initial nitrate to sulfide (N/S) ratio is high or low, respectively. The presence of iron minerals in reservoir rock (e.g. siderite FeCO3) can delay the onset of souring by immobilizing SRB-produced sulfide as FeS (FeCO3 + HS- ? FeS + HCO3 -). Strain CVO appeared incapable of oxidizing ferrous sulfide (FeS) with nitrate, indicating that it does not mobilize precipitated sulfides.
Injection of nitrate into an oil field can significantly reduce the concentration of sulfide produced by endogenous sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Although much is known of the effects of nitrate in relatively high temperature reservoirs (60-80 oC), flooded with seawater, its effectiveness in lower temperature reservoirs (30-40 oC) subjected to produced water reinjection (PWRI) is less well understood. The nitrate-reducing, sulfide-oxidizing bacterium (NR-SOB) Thiomicrospira sp. strain CVO, was isolated from such a reservoir. This organism converts sulfide and nitrate into sulfate and nitrite or into sulfur and nitrogen, depending on whether the initial nitrate to sulfide (N/S) ratio is high or low, respectively. The presence of iron minerals in reservoir rock (e.g. siderite FeCO3) can delay the onset of souring by immobilizing SRB-produced sulfide as FeS (FeCO3 + HS- ? FeS + HCO3 -). Strain CVO appeared incapable of oxidizing ferrous sulfide (FeS) with nitrate, indicating that it does not mobilize precipitated sulfides.
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