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07057 STRUVITE SCALE FORMATION AND INHIBITION IN WASTEWATER

Picture for 07057 STRUVITE SCALE FORMATION AND INHIBITION IN WASTEWATER
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Product Number: 51300-07057-SG
ISBN: 07057 2007 CP
Author: Petros G. Koutsoukos and Aikaterini N. Kofina
Publication Date: 2007
Industry: Water/Wastewater
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The formation of struvite scale formation was investigated in synthetic wastewater, 25°C, pH 8.50 both in the absence and in the presence of heavy metals cadmium(Cd), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb). The concentrations of the tested metals was in the range between 1-10 µM to avoid metal hydroxide precipitation. The investigation was done at conditions of constant supersaturation. Synthetic wastewater, aqueous solutions with composition similar to typical municipal wastewater was used as a matrix for the preparation of the supersaturated solutions. The kinetics of struvite precipitation was affected by the presence of the metal ions tested at concentrations as low as 1 µM. The presence of cadmium resulted in narrower stability domain for the struvite system, while increasing concentrations in solution resulted in shorter induction times. The rates of precipitation were also faster up to 5µM, past which they started reducing. The presence of copper resulted in acceleration at low concentrations (1 µM) and inhibition at higher concentrations (>4 µM). The presence of lead showed a more consistent behavior, resulting in increasingly longer induction times and lower rates of precipitation with increasing metal concentration. It should be noted that all three metals investigated were taken up by the solid either by electrostatic interactions or by other mechanisms (e.g., surface complexation or surface precipitation). The morphology was not affected by the presence of the metals examined.
The formation of struvite scale formation was investigated in synthetic wastewater, 25°C, pH 8.50 both in the absence and in the presence of heavy metals cadmium(Cd), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb). The concentrations of the tested metals was in the range between 1-10 µM to avoid metal hydroxide precipitation. The investigation was done at conditions of constant supersaturation. Synthetic wastewater, aqueous solutions with composition similar to typical municipal wastewater was used as a matrix for the preparation of the supersaturated solutions. The kinetics of struvite precipitation was affected by the presence of the metal ions tested at concentrations as low as 1 µM. The presence of cadmium resulted in narrower stability domain for the struvite system, while increasing concentrations in solution resulted in shorter induction times. The rates of precipitation were also faster up to 5µM, past which they started reducing. The presence of copper resulted in acceleration at low concentrations (1 µM) and inhibition at higher concentrations (>4 µM). The presence of lead showed a more consistent behavior, resulting in increasingly longer induction times and lower rates of precipitation with increasing metal concentration. It should be noted that all three metals investigated were taken up by the solid either by electrostatic interactions or by other mechanisms (e.g., surface complexation or surface precipitation). The morphology was not affected by the presence of the metals examined.
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