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00755 PIPELINE COATING FAILURE - NOT ALWAYS WHAT YOU THINK 1T IS

Picture for 00755 PIPELINE COATING FAILURE - NOT ALWAYS
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Product Number: 51300-00755-SG
ISBN: 00755 2000 CP
Author: Dennis Neal
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Corrosion coating failure has traditionally been defined by the changes which occur in coatings exposed above ground. Blistering and loss of bond are considered to be examples of failure. Their significance with regard to pipeline coatings (underground or sub sea) is different because pipelines are cathodically protected. Coatings and cathodic protection together form a system designed to protect the pipeline from corrosion and cathodic protection itself causes or accelerates some of the changes. Fusion bonded epoxy is the most commonly used underground corrosion control coating in North America. Because it is thin, the effects of aging are visible earlier than with other coatings and include cathodic disbonding, moisture penetration, loss of bond and occasional blistering. This paper explains why and how these physical and chemical changes takes place. Many of the observations are similar to those found in above ground coatings. However, for FBE, they are not coating failure for two reasons: FBE is an excellent oxygen barrier and the coating is part of a corrosion control system, coating and cathodic protection. A new definition for corrosion coating failure is proposed: "An underground coating has failed when it is no longer economical to maintain cathodic protection."
Corrosion coating failure has traditionally been defined by the changes which occur in coatings exposed above ground. Blistering and loss of bond are considered to be examples of failure. Their significance with regard to pipeline coatings (underground or sub sea) is different because pipelines are cathodically protected. Coatings and cathodic protection together form a system designed to protect the pipeline from corrosion and cathodic protection itself causes or accelerates some of the changes. Fusion bonded epoxy is the most commonly used underground corrosion control coating in North America. Because it is thin, the effects of aging are visible earlier than with other coatings and include cathodic disbonding, moisture penetration, loss of bond and occasional blistering. This paper explains why and how these physical and chemical changes takes place. Many of the observations are similar to those found in above ground coatings. However, for FBE, they are not coating failure for two reasons: FBE is an excellent oxygen barrier and the coating is part of a corrosion control system, coating and cathodic protection. A new definition for corrosion coating failure is proposed: "An underground coating has failed when it is no longer economical to maintain cathodic protection."
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00757 FBE, a Foundation for Pipeline Corrosion Coatings

Product Number: 51300-00757-SG
ISBN: 00757 2000 CP
Author: J. Alan Kehr and David G. Enos
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10002 Failure Analysis of Three Layer Polypropylene Pipeline Coatings

Product Number: 51300-10002-SG
ISBN: 10002 2010 CP
Author: Ali Noor Moosavi, Benjamin T. A. Chang and Kamal Mohamed Morsi
Publication Date: 2010
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Three layer polypropylene (3LPP) pipeline coatings failed prematurely in the oilfields of Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A failure investigation and analysis into this phenomenon was instigated. The coating disbondment has been found to be due to high residual stress concentration and adhesion loss.
Picture for Fusion Bonded Epoxy Coatings (FBE) and Disbondment
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Fusion Bonded Epoxy Coatings (FBE) and Disbondment

Product Number: 51316-7246-SG
ISBN: 7246 2016 CP
Author: Mehrooz Zamanzadeh
Publication Date: 2016
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In this paper, failure analysis methodology will be applied to the principal mechanisms by which FBE coatings fail during long term service; with specific application to case studies involving blistering. The case studies apply standard failure analysis techniques to determine the primary causes and modes of failures.
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