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As a companion document to MR21525, this Technical Report provides results, review and commentary on many investigations of HSC and includes important literature data, references, background information, service experience and related standards that were utilized in the development of the AMPP MR21525. Most of the information in this Technical Report covers findings from HSC field experience and HSC data from brine/CP exposure tests or from other cathodic charging experiments. It is important to note, in the use of MR21525 and in the review of data contained herein, that HSC can also be induced from hydrogenating environments and conditions other than from just from CP exposure alone. A non-exhaustive list of such conditions is presented later in this Technical Report.
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Cast Iron with its ancient history, traced back to 6th century BCE1, has been used for centuries to anything from manhole covers & fire hydrants to bridges. However, the development of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron (SGCI) or Nodular Cast Iron, in the 1940’s, with resulting improvement in mechanical properties such as ductility and fracture toughness, paved the way for further growth in industrial usage of cast iron.2 The material has been adopted by several industries such as automotive-, nuclear-, and wind turbine industry. During the last decade, SCGI has gained increased attention as construction material for subsea equipment in offshore oil & gas production, mainly competing with welded and bolted steel assemblies.