Products tagged with 'iron carbide'

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Effect of Cementite on the Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel with Tetradecyl Phosphate Ester in CO2 environment

Product Number: 51323-19309-SG

Author: Shuai Ren, Xi Wang, David Young, Marc Singer, Maalek Mohamed-Said, Gregory Moulie, Mioara Stroe

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Internal corrosion of pipelines associated with oil and gas production and refinery has always been a challenge for corrosion engineers. Over the past decades, corrosion engineers have made significant progress in developing mitigation approaches to protect these carbon steel pipelines by using corrosion inhibitors (CIs), corrosion resistant materials, and various cleaning techniques. Among all these mitigation strategies, corrosion inhibitors are considered as the first choice in handling the internal corrosion of pipelines.

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Galvanic Interactions Between Surface Layers And Bare Carbon Steel In Aqueous CO2 Environments

Product Number: 51322-17654-SG

Author: Joshua Owen, Francois Ropital, Gaurav R. Joshi, Jean Kittel

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In aqueous carbon dioxide (CO₂)-saturated environments, such as those found in geothermal energy, oil and gas and carbon abatement industries, various naturally occurring layers can be found on the internal surface of carbon steel infrastructure, such as pipelines, as they corrode in the mildly acidic conditions. Amongst the most commonly found layers are iron carbonate (FeCO₃), iron carbide (Fe₃C) and magnetite (Fe₃O₄). FeCO₃ can offer corrosion protection to the underlying steel when formed under certain conditions, as too can Fe₃O₄. Fe₃C is typically associated with enhancement of electrochemical activity of carbon steel and is revealed due to preferential dissolution of ferrite in the steel microstructure – through the formation of a porous network at the steel surface. Each of these layers play a fundamental role in the uniform and localized corrosion of the underlying carbon steel.

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Surfactant Corrosion Inhibitor Adsorption and Desorption Kinetics in Aqueous CO2-Containing Environments

Product Number: 51324-20915-SG

Author: Ryan Abou-Shakra; Joshua Owen; Richard C. Woollam; Richard Barker; William H. Durnie

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Corrosion inhibitors are commonly employed to internally protect carbon steel pipelines in aqueous carbon dioxide (CO2)-saturated environments, such as those encountered in oil and gas production and geothermal operation. However, unexpected events can occur that lead to periods where corrosion inhibitor addition ceases completely, or the quantity of inhibitor added falls short of the typical concentration required for the desired level of corrosion mitigation. In these instances of interruption, there is a limited understanding of the inhibitor surface residence time, or ‘persistency’, and the associated effects on the corrosion rate of carbon steel. This study examines the influence of the substrate surface condition and inhibitor concentration on the persistency of benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride (BAC-C14) corrosion inhibitor in a CO2-saturated 1 wt.% NaCl brine at 30°C. An electrochemical rotating cylinder electrode (operating at 1000 rpm) coupled with a dilution process was used to simulate persistency. Experimental results using carbon steel at 0.75x and 1x of the surfactant critical micelle concentration (CMC) showed that inhibitor efficiency and persistency improved markedly at the higher concentration. Supplementary experiments using pure iron illustrated an even stronger interaction between inhibitor and substrate, resulting in BAC-C14 failing to desorb after three days of exposure to uninhibited brine. A first-order kinetic model was assessed in its ability to predict the desorption response after dilution, based on fitting to the inhibitor adsorption response. Whilst a strong agreement was obtained between the theoretical desorption profile and experimental desorption data at 0.75xCMC on carbon steel, the model failed to predict the responses at CMC, as well as those on the pure iron substrate, necessitating consideration of other models.

Products tagged with 'iron carbide'

Effect of Cementite on the Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel with Tetradecyl Phosphate Ester in CO2 environment

Galvanic Interactions Between Surface Layers And Bare Carbon Steel In Aqueous CO2 Environments

Surfactant Corrosion Inhibitor Adsorption and Desorption Kinetics in Aqueous CO2-Containing Environments

Association for Materials Protection and Performance