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In-service welding is applied for repairs or modifications for pipelines or pipework/equipment that lead to significant economic advantages by avoiding the costs of disrupting the pipeline’s operation decommissioning, draining of fluid inside piping, purging and it maintaining a continuous supply of products to customers. Moreover, in-service welding on pipelines or piping is uncommon practice due to the high risk caused by excessive heat input during weld or accelerated cooling rates. Referring to API 1104, there are two primary concerns with welding onto in-service pipelines. The first concern is to avoid “burning through,” where the welding arc causes the pipe wall to be breached. The second concern is for hydrogen cracking, since welds made in-service cool at an accelerated rate as the result of the flowing contents’ ability to remove heat from the pipe wall. This paper explores the development of an online welding procedure to weld stainless steel 304L, making branch connections to meet business requirements without disrupting the operation.
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