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Nickel base alloys with high chromium and molybdenum contents are very resistant to chloride-induced localized corrosion, even at relatively high temperatures. These alloys include the Ni-Cr-Mo(W) or “C” family of alloys and the novel Ni-Mo-Cr alloy HYBRID-BC1 (UNS N10362). Alloy 22 (UNS N06022) stands out due to its versatility: chromium and molybdenum contents were selected to optimize its corrosion behavior in oxidizing and reducing conditions. Alloy 625 (UNS N06625) has outstanding thermal ageing resistance and a longer in-service experience. The
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This paper discusses the design philosophy for corrosion inhibitors used for carbon capture, transportation, and storage and the performance testing using rotating cylinder autoclave (RCA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods under CO2 supercritical conditions.
Production of highly sour oil and gas fields has increased recently, which introduces new challenges forcorrosion control. In recent years, some unexpected and unexplained pipeline failures have occurred,resulting in complex investigations and laboratory corrosion performance testing studies to assess theinhibitors that are applied in these environments. While some of these failures are due to cracking insour environments which are prevented by alternative material selection or different operation pipelinemaintenance, we were specifically looking at cases where chemical inhibitors could be used to mitigatecorrosion.
Control of down-hole corrosion in and around sucker rod threads. Selection of lubricant and use of corrosion inhibitors against the effects of corrosive well fluids. Historical Document 1988
Corrosion of metallic structures is a ubiquitous problem in industries such as power generation, oil and gas, pulp and paper, metals processing etc. which also results in significant financial losses. According to the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) International report, the global cost of corrosion was ~ 2.5 trillion USD in 2013 - close to 3.4 percent GDP of the entire world. The use of corrosion inhibitors is one of the most effective and economical ways to mitigate corrosion of metal and alloy components. Corrosion inhibitors are substances that are added in small quantities in corrosive media to protect metal and alloy components from corrosion.
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. Evaluating corrosion inhibitors used in the oil and gas industry. Describes types of inhibitors and how properties are evaluated. Provides 17 inhibitor properties that are evaluated prior to field application.
This NACE Standard Practice aims to provide guidance for selection and application of Corrosion Inhibitors (CI) for upstream oil and gas processes conditions exposed to corrosive environments.
The application of effective Corrosion Inhibitors (CI) in Oil and Gas production is essential to enable long term use of carbon steel in corrosive production environments. These chemical CI products can be applied continuously, or on a Batch (BI) basis. The effectiveness of CIs(products) that are applied has to be assured for the range of conditions associated with the application and for the lifetime of the facility. The assurance is predominantly achieved through laboratory testing. However, field evaluation of CIs can be a significant part of the assurance process.
This technical report presents basic information on laboratory evaluation of corrosion inhibitors used in the oil and gas industry. It includes 18 inhibitor properties that are evaluated before inhibitors are used in the field and refers to various standards available to evaluate those properties.
Accurate and precise monitoring of corrosion inhibitors in oilfield brine, an important aspect of corrosion control in oil and gas operations, is also a practice recommended by NACE International guidelines. Many operators require residual concentrations of corrosion inhibitors to monitor chemical deliverability at specific locations in a production system. The residual measurement provides the ability to troubleshoot factors affecting chemical deliverability. However, residual measurements are notoriously problematic because of the surface-active nature of corrosion inhibitors. Residual measurement errors can often exceed 100 percent. Consequently, a need exists for methods that are precise and accurately detect a wider range of corrosion inhibitor molecules. These methods must also be viable in corrosive oilfield environments where corrosion inhibitors are at low concentrations. Furthermore, the methods must be portable, enabling field analysis of residual chemicals in collected samples. Field-based detection methods can reduce the amount of time required to obtain data useful for corrosion control and reduce delays associated in shipping samples to centralized laboratories.
In the 1990s, military assets transported shipboard to overseas locations by the U.S. Army arrived at their destinations already corroded due to saltwater. In response to this problem, U.S. Army Tank-automotive and Armaments Command (TACOM) began manually applying spray-on corrosion inhibitor (CI) to assets prior to transportation and realized a significant reduction in corrosion. However, due to an increase in the volume of military assets being transported overseas, manual application of CI soon proved too time-consuming and costly.
5XXX-series aluminum has been used in multiple naval vessels because it offers excellent strength to weight ratios, weldability and low cost. Although 5XXX series aluminum alloys generally provide excellent corrosion resistance, exposure to moderately elevated temperatures (e.g., solar exposure) results in sensitization due to precipitation of the beta phase (Mg2Al3) at the grain boundaries. The sensitization of marine grade aluminum and subsequent material degradation due to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and intergranular corrosion (IGC) is a severe problem, causing expensive repairs and out of service time.