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A variety of systems can characterize the properties of final painted surfaces in production to optimize appearance. In order to properly control and improve the coating process, rapid, large-area 3D measurement capability is needed that can work at all stages, from initial raw substrates to the final clear coat. Recent research has identified the key spatial wavelengths of interest and worked to correlate various calculations of surface texture with subjective appearance of the coated surfaces.
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The hardness values of weldments of supermartensitic stainless steels exceed limits for “sour service” and testing has to be done. Most testing has been done by procedure defined in EFC Publication No 172. Some observations during testing have led to a discussion on the relevance of the test methods and procedures.
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. This Technical Committee Report establishes the pertinent parameters to be observed and/or controlled during laboratory and field evaluation of corrosion inhibitors for the purpose of establishing a common baseline for the comparison of the results from such evaluations.
Results, interpretation, benefits and limits of using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Results reveal CI protection/failure mechanisms under specific test conditions.
Traditional zinc rich primers are the primer of choice during new construction of assets placed offshore for oil & gas production. However, during maintenance, zinc rich primers are not used because of difficulties of having good surface preparation and controlling applied dft to prevent cracking. This paper will examine the performance of new, activated zinc rich epoxy primers compared to conventional zinc rich epoxy primers on steel prepared to different surface profiles using standard techniques of today.
Moisture problems are prevalent all over North America, almost independent of climate. With an understanding of moisture in concrete and the various test methods available to quantify that moisture, simple strategies to mitigate moisture problems can be employed. But a strategy cannot be employed if the moisture problem is never quantified. This presentation identifies the various types of moisture issues present day in and day out and outlines the methods available to discover hidden moisture conditions.
This paper will review what is required by ASTM D6041 as well as give an overview of a recent program to develop and proof test 290 psi (20 Bar) pipe, fittings, flanges, and laminated joints.
Extensive and increased collocation of high voltage AC (HVAC) electrical transmission lines, coupled with advances in coating technology, has resulted in the emergence of the possibility of transfer of electrical energy from the HVAC line to paralleling utilities through electrical induction. That transfer of energy can result in safety risks for personnel, as well as corrosion risks for below grade assets. In order to mitigate those risks, operators ground the induced AC using grounding electrodes, typically consisting of bare copper cabling or zinc ribbon.
Inorganic zinc (IOZ) silicate coating was previously applied to partially fabricated low alloy, 21/4 Cr-1MoV, high temperature, hydrogen, reactor vessels for long-term storage corrosion protection prior to final welding and post weld heat treatment (PWHT) at 690-720°C (1274-1328°F). The need for complete coating removal to mitigate the known embrittlement and weld cracking that can occur after welding and PWHT led to the development of a novel, environmentally friendly method to remove IOZ to trace levels below 1 ppm.
Unbonded post-tensioned reinforcement in concrete structures has been used for many years in elevated slabs (parking garages and residential or commercial buildings), residential foundations, walls, and columns and more recently in bridge structures. The use of unbonded post-tensioned reinforcing allows for unique and cost-effective design and construction that include: thinner concrete sections, longer spans between supports, stiffer walls to resist lateral loads, and stiffer foundations to resist the effects of shrinking and swelling soils.
The construction of the new One World Trade Center (WTC) in New York includes exposed steel members and bolted splice plates. Accordingly, surface preparation and coating system selection for the bolt/washer/nut assemblies for the bolted connections was critical, since the splice plates would be visible. There was little published information on surface preparation and coating requirements for ASTM A 490 black bolts.
Since the inception of Epoxy Passive Fire Protection (EPFP), the industry has depended upon systems that require mesh reinforcement. The addition of this mesh adds at least $3.72 USD/sq. ft. to the applied systems. To avoid any risk of failure when exposed to fire reinforcement mesh must be correctly installed in accordance with the product’s certification and type approvals.