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The aim of this paper is to review the main aspects of the material selection for the chemical process industry (CPI) and present different examples to illustrate the material selection process.
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The easiest way to compare abrasives is to look at the price per unit (i.e., price per ton or price per pound). If only it were that easy! Unfortunately comparing the price per unit assumes that all abrasives perform the same – and we all know that is not the case.
Concrete is the second most common man-made material after potable water, yet it is a complex material that is poorly understood. Steel reinforcement is added to improve the concrete's tensile strength and ductility and is initially protected by the high concrete pH and depth of cover concrete. Eventually, due to the ingress of deleterious ions, lowering of the pH from carbonation, or electrical potential changes within the steel, corrosion will occur.
Epoxy coatings have a long and successful track record in marine and protective coatings, due to the combined offerings of excellent corrosion and chemical resistance. As regional environmental drivers become firmly established, the industry is faced with the constant challenge of providing solutions which can comply with emerging VOC regulations. There is a continuous trend to move the technology from the so-called conventional paint to high solids coatings, and more recently, to ultra-high solids coatings [1]. At the same time the overall performance attributes associated with high performance epoxy systems need to be either maintained or improved depending on specific industrial application needs. Many current high solids epoxy systems use non-reactive plasticizers such as benzyl alcohol or alkyl phenols to enable full chemical conversion of the polymer matrix. While this approach allows for reduced solvent demand, such products do not always address the market need for extended service life. The use of fugitive plasticizers can cause the coating to lose its flexibility over time as the plasticizer leaches out. In order to address this, a different plasticization approach to lower solvent requirement and ensure complete cure is needed. This paper will review the basics of high solids epoxy coatings compared to conventional epoxy technologies and describe the fundamental technical differences. It will also present new versatile amine curing agent technology that offers solutions to develop coatings compliant with stringent emission test accreditation, and at the same time, addresses many of the technical challenges associated with high solids systems. Furthermore, the absence of nonreactive plasticizers facilitates long-term conservation of the mechanical properties of the coating, and hence, helps deliver long-term asset protection.
Protective organic coatings are the primary form of corrosion control for steel structures exposed in a marine environment. For more than fifty years, testing of coatings suitable for various service environments has relied substantially on exposure of coated steel panels of different configurations followed by evaluation via visual inspection. Exposure may include accelerated testing or natural environmental exposure in immersion or atmospheric conditions.
Corrosion mitigation by the use of barrier coatings relies on polymers and other substances to minimize the permeation of corrosive agents to the substrate. To achieve good barrier properties, most protective coatings rely on high crosslinking density and special fillers to increase the tortuosity of the film. However, this approach usually leads to highly viscous and brittle coatings that take too long to cure. In contrast, flexible and tough coatings typically do not have the requisite barrier properties for enhanced corrosion prevention.
This work provides an overview of solution vinyl coating history and formulation as well as results and discussion for preliminary testing. Corrosion performance and material properties using modern laboratory techniques are needed to provide a benchmark for the development or evaluation of next generation polymer coatings that may someday provide a green alternative to the legacy vinyl systems.
Pre-construction primers (also known as shop primers or pre-fabrication primers) are very thin films applied to blast cleaned steel plates and shapes to provide preservation of the blasted steel during the shipbuilding or construction process. SSPC is developing an industry guide document containing information regarding the use of pre-construction primers (PCP) on structural steel in shipbuilding.