AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'lpr'

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51317--9513-Monitoring Pitting Corrosion Growth in Steel Rebar Using Optical Fiber

Product Number: 51317--9513-SG

ISBN: 9513 2017 CP

Author: Fujian Tang

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

An optical fiber corrosion sensor is developed to monitor the penetration of corrosion pits in steel bars. Simply made by encasing one end of an optical fiber into a steel straw. As corrosion penetrates the steel straw wall, the solution and corrosion products fill inside and contaminate the fiber end surface, resulting in a change in the reflectivity.

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51317--9646-Electrochemical Study of the Influence of Acetic Acid on Carbon Steel Corrosion in Sour Environment

Product Number: 51317--9646-SG

ISBN: 9646 2017 CP

Author: Suresh Divi

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

An investigation into the effect of ppm concentrations of acetic acid on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of API 5L X65 carbon steel in a sour environment. Electrochemical techniques, Linear Polarization Resistance (LPR), Potentiodynamic Polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), were used.

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51318-11291-Oil Sands Bitumen Effect on Corrosion

Product Number: 51318-11291-SG

Author: Kofi Freeman Adane

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

Corrosion susceptibility of commonly used oil sands slurry pipeline materials was evaluated with and without bitumen coating on their surface.

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Characterizing the Evolution of Iron Carbonate in a Demanding CO2 Environment Using a Combined Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Linear Polarization Resistance Approach

Product Number: 51323-19278-SG

Author: Robert Jacklin, Joshua Owen, Danny Burkle, Richard C. Woollam, Richard Barker

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Carbon steel exposed to aqueous CO2 environments can be conducive to the formation of naturally protective corrosion products, namely iron carbonate (FeCO3). Understanding how FeCO3 develops across a range of conditions is a critical step in enabling the optimization of corrosion products as a natural form of corrosion mitigation. To date, most studies investigating FeCO3 development focus on near-neutral pH solutions conducive to fast precipitation while test pressures are generally atmospheric to simplify in situ electrochemical measurements.

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Derivation of a Modified Stern-Geary Linear Polarization Equation. Application to Seawater Corrosion and Inhibitor Evaluation

Product Number: 51324-20986-SG

Author: Jose Vera; Ken Evans; Conchita Mendez

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Instantaneous corrosion rates are typically calculated as a function of the exposure time from the slope of linear polarization resistance (LPR) scans using the well-known Stern-Geary equation and assuming a constant B value that does not vary during the test. However, this assumption is not valid when the corrosion mechanism changes during the test due to, for example, injection of a corrosion inhibitor, formation of protective films or passivation. A methodology was implemented to detect significant changes in the B values during a test, by evaluating the Current vs Potential data of LPR scans instead of only the polarization resistance (Rp) calculated from the slope. In addition, the Stern-Geary equation is a valid approximation only if one anodic and one cathodic reaction are present at the corrosion potential. An exact modified Stern-Geary equation was derived for cases where up to two cathodic and two anodic reactions are prominent at the corrosion potential. This procedure was used to interpret Rp vs time data from seawater corrosion at relatively low O2 concentrations. Under these conditions, not only the iron oxidation to Fe2+ and oxygen reduction reaction will occur, but the Fe2+/Fe3+ redox reaction may also be prominent at the corrosion potential. The application of this method was also illustrated using experimental data from a typical corrosion inhibitor qualification test, where chemical dosages are injected after a pre-corrosion period.

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Effect Of Dissolved Oxygen On Carbon Steel Corrosion And Particulate Formation In Water Injection Systems. Part 2: Rotating Cage Experiments

Product Number: 51324-20817-SG

Author: Jose Vera; Ken Evans; Conchita Mendez

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Seawater treatment for secondary recovery injection typically includes controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration (DOC) below 20 ppb using a combination of mechanical deaeration and oxygen scavenger injection. However, upsets can occur during operation, which may temporarily increase DOC above the specified values. These DOC excursions may not only significantly increase corrosion rates but also produce corrosion product particles in suspension. The potential influence of suspended particles produced by corrosion in water injection systems’ performance during water injection operations is not well understood. An electrochemically modified rotating cage autoclave (RCA) setup was used in conjunction with a particle analyzer instrument to correlate dissolved oxygen concentration (DOC), corrosion rates and particulate formation in real-time. Dissolved oxygen and pH were also continuously monitored throughout the tests. All testing was performed in a seawater simulant brine at 32°C. The effect of consecutive DOC excursions from 20 ppb to either 100 ppb or 1000 ppb were evaluated at two different flow velocities. The key findings from the testing can be summarized as follows: (1) there is a clear and significant interaction between flow velocity and the corrosion rates caused by the DOC excursions, which is not considered in the available predictive models; (2) localized corrosion was observed mainly on tests with 1000 ppb excursions; (3) The suspended particle concentration starts to increase after the total accumulated iron produced by corrosion reaches a minimum value, usually shortly after the first DOC excursion, and the mean particle size increases, reaching a maximum between 20 and 50 µm.

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Influence of Hydrocarbon on Stearic Acid as Corrosion Inhibitor in Synthetic Brine

Product Number: 51323-19330-SG

Author: Susumu Hirano, Tatsuya Sei

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Corrosion inhibitors are used for carbon steel pipelines in the oil and gas industry. Based on current
understanding, the inhibitor molecules mitigate corrosion through adsorption to the internal surface of
the pipeline, forming a barrier film that impedes electrochemical corrosion reactions at the metal
surface. Micellization is a key factor of the surfactant distributions.

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Simulating Corrosion And Scale Interactions In Autoclave Experiments: A Sensitivity Study

Product Number: 51322-17622-SG

Author: Robert Jacklin, Joshua Owen, Danny Burkle, Anne Neville, Richard C. Woollam, Richard C. Woollam

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) saturated brines containing high levels of calcium are commonly encountered across the energy sector: from hydrocarbon recovery to the harvesting of geothermal energy and re-deposition of CO₂ for permanent storage. These brines originate in deep underground reservoirs at elevated pressures and temperatures. Despite susceptibility to corrosive attack under these conditions, carbon steels are the preferred choice of pipeline materials for such processes, attributable to their low cost, availability and ease of manufacture.

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Steel Corrosion Monitoring in Concrete Slab Using a Long Period Fiber Grating Assembly

Product Number: 51317--9272-SG

ISBN: 9272 2017 CP

Author: Fujian Tang

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Steel corrosion in concrete structures. Accelerated corrosion tests were performed periodically and the corrosion rates at different time intervals were measured with linear polarization resistance (LPR). The change in the resonant wavelength over time was recorded using an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA).

Products tagged with 'lpr'

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