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Information from inspection and analysis of electric resistance welded galvanized steel pipe after service in residential water systems has resulted in a compilation of observations concerning the development and severity of corrosion leading to failure.
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For reinforced concrete (RC) structures that are in drier locations but still need of cathodic protection (CP), impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) systems are preferred. In this study, the performance of activated zinc anodes installed on dry or high resistance concrete on Florida Bridges was evaluated.
This paper discusses options available to rehabilitate, extend the service life and strengthen damaged columns and piles in marine environments.
Quantitative analysis of the corrosion morphology after accelerated testing and outdoor exposures of lapjoint test panels coupled with various fastener materials. Image analysis of 3-D microscope images was used to quantify average depth of attack and percent surface area damage.
A case history is presented to illustrate how assessment data was collected, interpreted, and used to develop and implement repair strategies for two 400 foot (121 m) tall hyperbolic shell cooling towers exhibiting widespread corrosion-induced deterioration.
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. Specification, selection & use of sensors for monitoring atmospheric corrosion. These sensors - based on electrochemical techniques - provide continuous records of contaminants, corrosion rates, or coating condition.
The purpose of this document is to provide instructions on the use of electrochemical sensors for monitoring atmospheric corrosion. These sensors are used to measure thin film electrolyte conductance, corrosion current or coating condition over long periods. This method permits the instantaneous evaluation of corrosion current that can be related to specific environmental conditions in real time. The instantaneous corrosion current measurements are not accessible using electrical resistance sensors or mass loss techniques. The technology described in this document complements other standard techniques for assessing atmospheric corrosion such as mass loss coupons, electrical resistance sensors or coated test panels (see ISO 8407 and ISO 4628-8). These continuous records of material condition can be useful for studying atmospheric corrosion, evaluating materials or managing assets.
The case study presented in this paper is for a 7-story apartment building situated in a beach-front location in Sydney, Australia. The building was constructed circa 1977 and over the years was affected by concrete defects related to chloride ingress from the adjacent sea front.
Impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) for reinforced concrete structures has been installed on numerous bridges and wharves in Australia over the past 40 years. The exposure conditions at the majority of these bridges and wharves made them more susceptible to chloride-induced corrosion.
The ICCP systems in Australia are designed, installed and monitored in accordance with the global cathodic protection standards such as AMPP Standard SP 0290-2019, International Standard ISO 12696:2022, and Australian Standard AS 2832.5 – 2008 (R2018).
Case histories & illustrations of specific forms of corrosion. General, localized & galvanic corrosion, environmental cracking, erosion-corrosion, cavitation & fretting. Intergranular corrosion, dealloying & high-temperature corrosion. 1982 NACE
Galvanic corrosion occurs when two dissimilar metals are electrically coupled in an eletrically conducting, corrosion fluid. Under these conditions, the rate of corrosion of one member of the couple is increased above that which would occur if the metal were exposed in isolation.
The author, Roger Francis, provides answers for common questions concerning galvanic corrosion and how to not only stop it, but prevent it.
Chloride induced corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete structural elements is a major worldwide problem [1]. Chlorides can be introduced into the concrete via de-icing salts, seawater, high salinity groundwater or sabkha soils [1.2]. This leads to localised breakdown of the normally passive steel reinforcement in the form of pitting corrosion [2].