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A study investigated corrosion at the cement/casing interface for 13Cr casing steel. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) found that corrosion increased with increasing temperature.
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During the winter of 2013-2014, Northern California experienced unusually cold temperatures (below 40°F). These low temperatures delayed Pacific Gas & Electric Company (PG&E) coating operations on new pipelines. Since liquid epoxy coatings capable of being applied at, or which fully cure at, temperatures below 50°F were not approved, PG&E chose to control the environment using small enclosures over the application area. This approach proved to be expensive and time consuming, so a novel method of pipeline surface temperature control was necessary to allow application of liquid epoxies at low ambient temperatures.