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The gas carrier terminal project is located on the Yamal peninsula on the Arctic Ocean. This quantitative study was to collect field data to define a corrosion protection system for carbon steel submerged structure and to forecast the related corrosion risks.
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Pipeline leak detection is emerging as a prime focus of PHMSA and other regulatory agencies in the United States as well as jurisdictions all over the world. The immense volume of buried pipelines and the fact that much of this buried infrastructure is over forty years old1 combine to present increasing risk of leaks with potentially catastrophic results. During the twenty-year timespan from 2002 through 2021, in the United States alone, the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) recorded 42 hazardous liquids incidents resulting in 35 fatalities, 80 injuries, and over 147,000 barrels spilled. In many cases the environmental and human health and safety costs could have been reduced if the leaks were detected much earlier.
Pipeline leak detection is emerging as a prime focus of Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) and other regulatory agencies in the United States as well as jurisdictions all over the world. The immense volume of buried pipelines and the fact that much of this buried infrastructure is over forty years old1 combine to present increasing risk of leaks with potentially catastrophic results. During the twenty-year timespan from 2002 through 2021, in the United States alone, the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) recorded 42 hazardous liquids incidents resulting in 35 fatalities, 80 injuries, and over 147,000 barrels spilled (Figure 1).