AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'electrochemistry'

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Impact of Internal CO2 Corrosion of Mild Steel Pipelines on Solid Hydrate Particles

Product Number: 51321-16391-SG

Author: Zachary Aman/Bruce Norris/Mariano Iannuzzi/Eric May

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Impact of Support Dissolution on the Corrosion Resistance of 316L Stainless Steels

Product Number: 51321-16449-SG

Author: Stephanie Prochaska/Owen Hildreth

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Influence Of Brine Precipitates On Materials Performance In Geothermal Applications

Product Number: 51323-18813-SG

Author: Anastasia Stoljarova, Ralph Bäßler, Simona Regenspurg

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Since geothermal reservoirs are a feasible energy source to replace fossil fuel supply, many technologies have been developed to take advantage of geothermal energy. Nevertheless, due to the chemical composition of hydrothermal fluids and temperatures, service conditions in geothermal facilities are demanding in many cases in terms of corrosion. Therefore, materials selection based on preliminary material qualification is essential to guarantee a secure and reliable operation of the facilities.

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In-situ CPT of Austenitic and Duplex Stainless Steels on Chloride Containing Environments

Product Number: 51317--9312-SG

ISBN: 9312 2017 CP

Author: Luis GARFIAS-MESIAS

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

This paper describes a novel methodology to measure the Critical Pitting Temperature (CPT) of a Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS) in artificial seawater based on the Electrochemical Noise (ECN) technique.

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In-situ Study of Iron Carbonate Formation Kinetics and Pseudo-passivation of Carbon Steel in Aqueous CO2 Environments

Product Number: 51324-20667-SG

Author: Joshua Owen; Richard C. Woollam; Francois Ropital; Annette Kleppe; Sabrina Marcelin

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This study introduces the design and implementation of a bespoke electrochemical flow cell in combination with in-situ Synchrotron Radiation-X-Ray Diffraction measurements (SR-XRD). The system enables high precision, real-time, in-situ measurements of iron carbonate (FeCO3) evolution on carbon steel in a flowing environment, as well as providing real-time, in-situ corrosion rate measurement through an integrated three-electrode cell. The custom cell is used to examine FeCO3 formation kinetics in a carbon dioxide (CO2)-containing aqueous environment, particularly in instances where the ‘pseudo-passivation’ phenomenon is reported to occur. Linear polarization resistance and anodic polarization measurements were performed in combination with the SR-XRD measurements to establish a detailed understanding of FeCO3 formation in real time and its relation to the corrosion behavior of carbon steel. It was observed that ‘pseudo-passivation’ occurred in conjunction with the growth of a highly protective FeCO3 layer under all conditions evaluated. Magnetite (Fe3O4), an oxide layer often attributed to the onset of ‘pseudo-passivation’, was not observed in these conditions, despite the high limits of detection of the technique.

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Localized and Generalized Corrosion Evaluation of S13CR in Shale Oil & Gas Production Conditions

Product Number: 51324-21106-SG

Author: Merlin C. E. Bandeira; Felipe S. Assunção; Pedro Filgueiras; Kevin Schleiss; Rogaciano M. Moreira

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

To understand the performance of S13CR on shale gas field, the ability of oxide layer to repassivate on erosion environment was investigated by means of electrochemical and rotating cage tests at 300 bar of total pressure with 10 bar of CO2, 1.2 mbar of H2S partial pressure with balance of nitrogen; sand particles concentration of 50g/L, 26% NaCl, stir velocity of 1,000 RPM and temperature of 115°C. Based on the results, it was observed stable potential (LPR) under erosion condition (with sand) when compared to reference test (without sand). Despite the huge amount of sand and the high rotation speed of the cage, the cyclic potentiodynamic polarization of S13CR on erosion test is quite similar to the reference test. Localized corrosion induced by erosional attack, investigated by RC tests, was not observed and the corrosion rate were similar in both conditions. Laboratory test results corroborate field caliper inspection after 12 months in service where the highest penetration was 9% of wall thickness, therefore below the API 5CRA recommendation of 12.5%. The penetration rates of laboratory test and field inspection were 0.2 and 0.5 mm/y, respectively.

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Nanolaminar Nickel-Cobalt Coatings: a Revolution in Wear and Corrosion Resistance

Product Number: 51324-20660-SG

Author: Marie Li; Herman E Amaya; Steve Brunst

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

In the demanding environments of the oil and gas industry, the need for superior protective coatings is paramount. This paper explores electrodeposited nanolaminar Nickel-Cobalt (Ni-Co) coatings as a robust solution. Distinguished from traditional offerings, these coatings provide enhanced hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion protection. These qualities make Ni-Co coatings ideal for rigorous applications, including downhole tools, deep-sea equipment, and chemical processing apparatus. Our investigation underlines the crucial role of the unique nanostructure, obtained via specialized electrodeposition techniques, in augmenting the coating properties. The paper also establishes a comparison between Ni-Co coatings and Zinc-Nickel coatings, drawing attention to their distinctive use cases in the industry. While Zinc-Nickel coatings excel in atmospheric or offshore corrosion protection, Ni-Co coatings outperform in more demanding environments requiring stronger mechanical properties and specific corrosive resistance. Characterizing data supporting the exceptional performance of Ni-Co coatings will be presented. By delineating these advancements, the paper underscores the potential of nanostructured Ni-Co coatings to transform equipment protection strategies in the oil and gas sector.

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On the applicability of welded J55 line pipe steel for underground hydrogen storage

Product Number: 51323-19131-SG

Author: Bernd Loder, Gregor Mori, Jürgen Klarner, Michael Fiedler, Thomas Willidal

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Corrosive environmental media may lead to a significant degradation of the mechanical properties of the materials. Individual experimental investigation and analysis concepts are available at the Institute of General and Analytical Chemistry for the evaluation of different materials under pressurized hydrogen. Hydrogen technologies will enable decarbonization.

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Residual Analysis Assay For Thiol-Based VCI Quantification In Top-Of-Line Corrosion Environments

Product Number: 51322-17918-SG

Author: Mariana Costa Folena, José Antônio da Cunha Ponciano Gomes, Hanan Alshareef Farhat, Iain Manfield, Joshua Owen, Anne Neville, Richard Barker

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Top of line corrosion (TLC) is a degradation mechanism predominantly encountered in the oil and gas industry. Initiation of TLC requires a stratified flow regime with wet gas transportation and the existence of a significant temperature gradient between the hot fluid inside the pipeline and the colder external environment.1,2,3 This temperature difference results in the condensation of water vapor, present in the gas phase, onto the cooler, upper internal section of the pipeline. The condensed water can be particularly aggressive as it lacks dissolved salts (e.g. bicarbonates), some of which are able to buffer the bulk electrolyte, increasing the pH and suppressing corrosivity.4,5,6 The absence of such salts typically results in a very low pH condensate (<pH 4), often containing dissolved acidic gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and also acetic acid (HAc), which can cause severe degradation, particularly in the form of localized corrosion.5

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Simulating Corrosion And Scale Interactions In Autoclave Experiments: A Sensitivity Study

Product Number: 51322-17622-SG

Author: Robert Jacklin, Joshua Owen, Danny Burkle, Anne Neville, Richard C. Woollam, Richard C. Woollam

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) saturated brines containing high levels of calcium are commonly encountered across the energy sector: from hydrocarbon recovery to the harvesting of geothermal energy and re-deposition of CO₂ for permanent storage. These brines originate in deep underground reservoirs at elevated pressures and temperatures. Despite susceptibility to corrosive attack under these conditions, carbon steels are the preferred choice of pipeline materials for such processes, attributable to their low cost, availability and ease of manufacture.

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The Effects of H2S and Cl- on Hydrogen Permeation in High Strength Low Alloy Carbon Steels

Product Number: 51321-16329-SG

Author: Lianlian Liu/Raymundo Case

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Products tagged with 'electrochemistry'

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