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The goal of this compilation is to educate the reader through experiences and observations from real-world applications and to provide tools for the identification and remediation of pipeline corrosion issues before failure. Pipelines have been used to transport fuels since the 19th century. While there is no clear consensus of the total number of pipeline miles in use throughout the world, most agree that the U.S. has over 2.5 million mi of energy pipelines. This book provide tools for the identification and remediation of pipeline corrosion issues before failure.
2018 NACE e-book
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External corrosion in uninsulated pipelines is normally able to be prevented by cathodic protection (CP). Generally, external corrosion on buried pipelines cannot occur if CP current is getting onto the pipe. CP is an electrochemical means of corrosion control in which the oxidation reaction in a galvanic cell is concentrated at the anode and suppresses corrosion of the cathode (pipe) in the same cell. For instance, to make a pipeline a cathode, an anode is attached to it.
Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is a form of corrosion resulting from water trapped under insulation. CUI is a main asset integrity threat to many processing facilities. CUI damage is not readily identifiable and hidden underneath the insulation.
Via the testing of six generically different insulation materials, the study has tried to identify factors in an insulation material that are more influential on corrosion rates of carbon steel.
This document captures the key components required to get Thermal spray aluminum (TSA) coating installed by material engineering, project design and execution. These execution details apply to any TSA and insulation system installation whether it is a new construction project or in-plant maintenance project.
Mineral wool has been widely used for several decades as the primary thermal insulation on piping and equipment to save energy, protect personnel, and reduce emissions. The products have been favored because they are non-combustible, cost effective, provide excellent (and reliable) thermal performance and are safe, easy, and efficient to install.
Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is a major problem for petroleum and petrochemical process industries that affects the plant mechanical integrity and attacks assets. CUI can result in sudden and hazardous leaks (safety concern), and plant shutdowns with high losses of production (economical concern).Traditional detecting methods of CUI to cut a window in thermal insulation used to inspect visually, to measure the thickness, and then return thermal insulation back, giving high chance for water and moisture ingress, accelerating CUI, moreover big amount of scaffolding erection along with thermal insulation removal required.SHARQ (Eastern Petrochemical Company, one of SABIC companies) is pioneer to study CUI, evaluating many Non–Destructive techniques has proven Pulsed Eddy Current (PEC) as the most effective technique in terms of integrity and cost optimization.Considering all available techniques, all aspects studied, such as range of applications, features, and limitations, it is concluded and verified to meet our inspection plan strategy needs.PEC does not require thermal insulation removal; optimize scaffolding erection, has a wide range of applications related to thickness, and temperature. PEC approved by international codes and standards (API) to meet RBI Meridium software requirements.The validation study results show cost savings of more than 50% compared to traditional thickness measurement methodology, moreover it reduces EHSS (Environment, Health, Safety, and Security) negative impact reduces the probability of safety incidents due to reducing labor, man-hours, and eliminating many associated activities with potential hazard and risk.PEC has high productivity, easily operated, and provides comprehensive and professional inspection report
This paper will detail the performance differences between 1st generation and the next generation of ‘Multi Polymeric Inorganic Copolymer ‘and the proven benefits observed by the end user in the field but will also look at the alternatives to traditional insulation in the fight against corrosion under insulation (CUI).