AMPP Store - Conference Papers

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Deploying an Innovative Method to Protect Pipelines During Excavation and Enhance Combating Corrosion

Product Number: MECC23-19929-SG

Author: Mahmoud A. Dweib; Syed K. Ahmed

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is a key risk to oil and gas infrastructure and confers great cost to asset owners. The AMPP 2021 IMPACT Canada study, which analyzed the energy, manufacturing, and mining sectors, shows the cost of corrosion in Canada is roughly $51.9 billion per year. To break this down further, MIC is estimated to make up roughly 20% of all corrosion which is roughly $10.4 billion in Canada alone, each year.

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Deployment of CUI Prevention Strategies and TSA Implementation in Projects

Product Number: 51312-01100-SG

ISBN: 01100 2012 CP

Author: John J. Houben

Publication Date: 2012

$20.00

This document captures the key components required to get Thermal spray aluminum (TSA) coating installed by material engineering, project design and execution. These execution details apply to any TSA and insulation system installation whether it is a new construction project or in-plant maintenance project.

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Deployment of Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) Assessment to Extend Turnaround and Inspection (T&I) Cycle of Crude Distillation Unit

Product Number: 51324-20836-SG

Author: Muhammed H Lutfallah; Kevin Galera; Maria G Faraj; Gener Guerrero; Mohannad A Alismail

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

In the refining industry, the Turnaround and Inspection (T&I) of processing plants has implications on the financial side and supply chain operations. Owner-operators have deployed different inspections and integrity management solutions to assess condition of plant equipment and explore opportunities for reducing downtime and deferral of the internal inspection. One of those solutions is Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) assessment, which is widely used to identify corrosion damage mechanisms, assess plant equipment condition, establish risk level and provide mitigation measures to the identified risks and qualify turnaround deferrals. This paper will describe the results of the Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) assessment performed on a Crude Distillation Plant. It will discuss the RBI methodology used in the assessment, corrosion damage mechanisms identified, risk drivers, and the recommendations made along with implemented inspection strategy and Non-Intrusive Inspection (NII) technologies to mitigate risks associated with identified damage mechanisms. The outcome of the assessment enabled safe and reliable 2-year deferral of the plant T&I while maximizing the facility utilization.

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Deposit Minimization Treatment in Secondary Side Steam Generators for Nuclear Plants

Product Number: 51315-5970-SG

ISBN: 5970 2015 CP

Author: Sarah Evans

Publication Date: 2015

$0.00

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Deposit-Induced Corrosion of Ni-Cr Alloys in Calcium-Based Salt Mixtures

Product Number: 51324-21212-SG

Author: Michael Kloesel; Nicholas Ury; Steven Maldonado; Harjot Singh; Diego Ochoa

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Corrosion of gas turbine components at high temperatures under salt deposits is a critical issue that adversely affects their performance and longevity. Calcium-containing compounds have been detected in the analysis of failed components. These compounds may have different origins, e.g., sand particles, salts from marine atmospheres, atmospheric pollutants, etc. The consequences of the reactions between the salt deposits and the alloy substrate can result in enhanced solute depletion, and removal/ destruction of the external protective scale. In this presentation, the focus will be on the effect of chromium concentration, and process variables such as temperature, time, and atmosphere, on the deposit-induced corrosion of model Ni-Cr alloys. In this paper results from the exposure of Ni- 5 Cr and Ni-18 Cr alloys are presented. These alloys were exposed to thin films of calcium sulfate combined with sodium chloride. The post-test coupons were characterized using optical microscopy, x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Overall, the high chromium alloy (Ni-18 Cr) showed evidence of more extensive attack at 1000°C relative to the low chromium alloy (Ni-5 Cr) after 100 hours of exposure in both air and SO2/air mixtures containing 10 ppm SO2.

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Derivation of a Modified Stern-Geary Linear Polarization Equation. Application to Seawater Corrosion and Inhibitor Evaluation

Product Number: 51324-20986-SG

Author: Jose Vera; Ken Evans; Conchita Mendez

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Instantaneous corrosion rates are typically calculated as a function of the exposure time from the slope of linear polarization resistance (LPR) scans using the well-known Stern-Geary equation and assuming a constant B value that does not vary during the test. However, this assumption is not valid when the corrosion mechanism changes during the test due to, for example, injection of a corrosion inhibitor, formation of protective films or passivation. A methodology was implemented to detect significant changes in the B values during a test, by evaluating the Current vs Potential data of LPR scans instead of only the polarization resistance (Rp) calculated from the slope. In addition, the Stern-Geary equation is a valid approximation only if one anodic and one cathodic reaction are present at the corrosion potential. An exact modified Stern-Geary equation was derived for cases where up to two cathodic and two anodic reactions are prominent at the corrosion potential. This procedure was used to interpret Rp vs time data from seawater corrosion at relatively low O2 concentrations. Under these conditions, not only the iron oxidation to Fe2+ and oxygen reduction reaction will occur, but the Fe2+/Fe3+ redox reaction may also be prominent at the corrosion potential. The application of this method was also illustrated using experimental data from a typical corrosion inhibitor qualification test, where chemical dosages are injected after a pre-corrosion period.

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Deriving Value from Coating Inspection Data

Product Number: 41207-301-SG

Author: J. Peter Ault, James A. Ellor

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

Significant quality control/quality assurance data is collected during industrial coating projects. Too often this data is surveyed for compliance with the contract requirements and then relegated to a file cabinet, never to be seen again. The paper highlights the types of coating inspection data collected and various “value-added” analyses which may be performed.

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Design and Construction of a Test Apparatus for Simulating Impact and Wear Damage on Nonskid and Other Coatings

Product Number: 41206-254-SG

Author: Moavin Islam, Wayne McGaulley, Emer C. Flounders

Publication Date: 2006

$20.00

Nonskid coatings are typically used on the flight deck of aircraft carriers and high traffic areas of a ships’ deck. At this time, there are only a few approved materials available for use as nonskid coating for landing areas onboard US Navy vessels. Nonskid coating materials with improved performance, lower cost, and decreased maintenance are currently in development.

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Design and Implementation of an Offshore Remote Monitoring System for Corrosion, Coating and Cathodic Protection Performance

Product Number: 51323-19265-SG

Author: Andreas Junker Olesen, Lars Vendelbo Nielsen, Lisbeth Rischel Hilbert, Frank Fontenay

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Remote monitoring of corrosion and cathodic protection using various methods have matured for decades with the onshore pipeline industry. With increasing activity offshore, and the highly corrosive and inaccessible environment taken into consideration, it is only natural that remote monitoring technology will find its way into this field. Offshore structures of steel are protected against corrosion with protective coatings and/or cathodic protection.

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Design Challenges for Material Selection in Sour and High Salinity Gas and Oil Production Facilites

Product Number: 51317--9244-SG

ISBN: 9244 2017 CP

Author: Pedro Rincon

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

This paper addresses the challenges to provide example of engineering solutions through the use of corrosion resistant alloys and non metallic materials to maintain the integrity of flowlines and process equipment in severe sour service.

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Design Consideration for Internal Welding Attachments in Clad Pressure Vessels

Product Number: MPWT19-14326

Author: Olivier Sarrat

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

Process equipment which employs a corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) layer cladded to steel is common in refineries, petrochemical plants and other plants processing highly corrosive media. There are two regularly employed methods for welding attachments and internals to clad process vessels. One is to remove the CRA cladding for welding the attachment to the steel base metal assuming dissimilar welds and restoring CRA by weld overlay. The other eliminates the step of removing the cladding, simplifying the attachment process by direct welding of the internals onto the clad layer. With the lack of data to prove the integrity of direct welding attachment onto the clad layer, designers frequently demand the cladding be removed or allow only a conservatively low stress limit for what can be attached directly to the clad surface. It is well understood that eliminating the step of removing clad increases the simplicity, improves the lead-time, and reduces the cost of making these attachments for trays or other internals, but there are concerns about clad disbonding risks. With the aim to provide data around the integrity of direct welding attachments for better risk assessments, a technical study was undertaken. In this study, it will be shown that the bond between clad material and the base steel is robust enough to withstand the heaviest attachments and harshest conditions. The theory behind the technical study will be presented along with the results of this study

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Design Consideration for Lining Concrete Sludge Mixing and Storage Tanks in Wastewater Treatment Plants: Issues That Do Not Meet the Eye

Product Number: 41212-692-SG

Author: R. A. Nixon

Publication Date: 2012

$20.00

Concrete sludge mixing and storage tanks in wastewater treatment plants can be exposed to corrosive environments. Protective linings are the best solution to this problem. But there are a number of design considerations based on this author’s experience that are not readily obvious at the outset.

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Deploying an Innovative Method to Protect Pipelines During Excavation and Enhance Combating Corrosion

Deployment of CUI Prevention Strategies and TSA Implementation in Projects

Deployment of Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) Assessment to Extend Turnaround and Inspection (T&I) Cycle of Crude Distillation Unit

Deposit Minimization Treatment in Secondary Side Steam Generators for Nuclear Plants

Deposit-Induced Corrosion of Ni-Cr Alloys in Calcium-Based Salt Mixtures

Derivation of a Modified Stern-Geary Linear Polarization Equation. Application to Seawater Corrosion and Inhibitor Evaluation

Deriving Value from Coating Inspection Data

Design and Construction of a Test Apparatus for Simulating Impact and Wear Damage on Nonskid and Other Coatings

Design and Implementation of an Offshore Remote Monitoring System for Corrosion, Coating and Cathodic Protection Performance

Design Challenges for Material Selection in Sour and High Salinity Gas and Oil Production Facilites

Design Consideration for Internal Welding Attachments in Clad Pressure Vessels

Design Consideration for Lining Concrete Sludge Mixing and Storage Tanks in Wastewater Treatment Plants: Issues That Do Not Meet the Eye

Association for Materials Protection and Performance