AMPP Store - Conference Papers

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Development of Anti-Fouling Compound Extracted from Marine Resources in Preventing Marine Growth for Static Applications at Warm and Cold Water Environments

Product Number: 51324-20577-SG

Author: Nik Nor Azrizam Nik Norizam; Hasrizal A Rahman; Azmi Mohammed Nor

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Marine growth had become a challenging issue to offshore industry, particularly at water injection system and immersed structures. Its presence will affect the performance of the facilities by reducing the efficiency of heat exchangers and causing excessive increase in weight to offshore structures and equipment. The effect could consequently lead to production deferment. Existing methods to control marine growth such as using chemical treatment (biocide and tributyltin) and mechanical treatment (mechanical wiper/shutter) do not seem to have been effective or environmental-friendly while at the same time, consuming high-power costs. In this research study, the focus is to assess extracted anti-fouling compound from identified potential marine resources in preventing marine growth at static structure application. The research methodology will consist of extraction of the compounds, anti-bacterial activity screening and anti-fouling analysis as part of preliminary screening to test efficiency in preventing the growth of barnacles specifically. The selected compounds from screening incorporate into a suitable anti-fouling paint. The efficiency of selected compound is further evaluated by continuing with field exposure at identify site location located at south china sea. During the field exposure, small coupons are coated according to PETRONAS technical standard requirement and exposed for duration of a month. The results from a month field exposure show developed anti-fouling compound managed to prevent growth of barnacle. The success formulation from a month exposure is further evaluated at two type water environments which are warm and cold for duration of six months. Outcome from the exposure shows positive result. In conclusion, the developed anti-fouling compounds have potential to prevent marine growth, specifically barnacle growth.

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Development of Autonomous Microbe Sensor (AMS) at Seawater Injection System (SWIS)

Product Number: 51319-13246-SG

Author: Fahad Al-Abeedi

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The main purpose of the system is to treat and transfer seawater to maintain reservoir pressure. The system’s design capacity is 12.5 million barrels of treated seawater per day. Microbial growth in the water injection system is a well-known problem with severe operational and financial consequences for the petroleum industry including microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) reduced injectivity reservoir plugging production downtime and extensive repair costs. Therefore monitoring of system microbiology is essential in any mitigation strategy enabling operators to apply and adjust countermeasures properly and in due time. To overcome the MIC challenges Saudi Aramco in collaboration with international company has developed an Autonomous Microbe Sensor (AMS) technology (Bacteria Sensor) to detect & measure in real-time & on-line the bacteria counts in sea water injection system. AMS that is based on advanced staining of bacterial DNA will provide bacterial results to operators within 1 hour. The technology will help in optimizing the biocide chemical consumption and ensuring adequate microbial control in the complex Sea Water Injection System (SWIS). Thus ensuring pipelines reliability and integrity.

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Development of Combined Corrosion and Scale Inhibitors

Product Number: 51319-12960-SG

Author: Pierre Mekarbane

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

There is a growing demand for combined Corrosion Inhibitors (CI) and mineral Scale Inhibitors (SI) for the oil and gas production industry. The products are convenient when there is only one injection point for both additives of when logistics is an issue. Developing these type of products can sometimes be fastidious due to the potential incompatibility of cationic film forming corrosion inhibitors (like fatty amines) and anionic scale inhibitors (such as phosphonates or polymers). Thanks to 10 years of continuous research and developement a full range of combined CI and SI products was developed with specific properties to match the various field requirements. Special combined CI and SI were tailor made for field applications to have specific properties like: Thermal stability low emulsion tendency low viscosity for down-hole injection increased CI film persistency increased barium sulphate inhibition and compatibility of the neat chemical with carbon steel. Laboratory experiments were conducted to demonstrate each of the mentioned properties. In addition the positive feedback from years of industrial field application brings credit to the product performance.

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Development of Copper Alloys for Seawater Service from Traditional Application to State-Of-The Art Engineering

Product Number: 51317--9382-SG

ISBN: 9382 2017 CP

Author: James Michel

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

This paper describes the range of copper alloys in marine service today and the evolution of applications which include ships' cannon and hull sheathing in 18th and 19th century and condenser and seawater piping requirements which spurred concentrated investigations in the 20th century.

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Development of Corrosion Inhibiting Primers: Knowledge Share from Different Industries

Product Number: 51319-13465-SG

Author: Arif Mubarok

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

As a leading coatings company PPG’s commitment is to deliver best in class coatings with the goal to protect and beautify the world. PPG offers unique coating technologies and services in a wide range of markets and geographic locations. Corrosion resistance performance requirements of coatings varies across the wide range of markets. As an example a coating technology developed for protecting aircraft aluminum alloys may not provide sufficient protection for steel assets in the infrastructure and oil and gas industries. The design and protective mechanism of the coatings must match the application. In this presentation development of environmentally friendly corrosion resistant primers for varied markets will be discussed. Utilization of analytical and electrochemical methods towards the development process will be shared. Corrosion resistance performance evaluation method will be briefly reviewed. Having a diverse R&D resource and presence in the large spectrum of markets PPG has a unique advantage to develop coatings by leveraging cross industry knowledge.

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Development of Corrosion Inhibitor for High Temperature Sweet Gas Wells

Product Number: 51324-20757-SG

Author: Ime Bassey Obot; Tao Chen; Ahmad A. Sorour; Qiwei Wang

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The corrosion of carbon steel downhole completion tubing at high temperature is one of the serious corrosion issues facing the oil and gas industry. Few corrosion inhibitor chemistries can protect downhole production tubing against corrosion, especially at high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) in high total dissolved solids (TDS) brine. The objective of this study was to develop a HTHP corrosion inhibitor abbreviated (NAM 9) for the protection of carbon steel at a temperature of up to 120 oC for possible application in sweet gas wells. The new corrosion inhibitor formulation (NAM 9) was evaluated using the linear polarization resistance (LPR) technique, batch corrosion testing (drop and drip) and autoclave corrosion test. The LPR result shows that 10 ppm of NAM 9 drastically reduces the corrosion rate of C1018 steel from 214.4 mpy (5.44 mm/y) to 3.28 mpy (0.08 mm/y) giving an inhibition efficiency of 98.47 % at 70 oC. The corrosion rate of the blank using autoclave corrosion testing at 120 oC was 250.6 mpy (6.36 mm/y) and 30.3 mpy (0.77 mm/y) in the presence of 500 ppm of NAM 9, respectively. The results indicate that NAM 9 is a promising high-temperature corrosion inhibitor for downhole production tubing used in gas wells.

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Development of Corrosion Inhibitor with Low Toxicity for High Temperature/High Shear Applications

Product Number: MECC23-20153-SG

Author: Geeta Rana; Jillian Schmeichel; Harold Wilson; Jeremy Moloney; Shelley Zhou

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Terms such as (green, low toxicity, biodegradability, log Pow or environmentally friendly) are often used interchangeably for product classification, however, their definitions can be very vague.1 Regulatory agencies in various parts of the world employ different methods to classify chemical products and assess potential impacts from their discharge into marine environment. Some practice the hazard-based approach while others use the risk-based approach (Figure 1).

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Development of Corrosion Severity Assessment Algorithms Using Environmental Monitoring Sensors in Naval Aviation Environments

Product Number: 51324-20663-SG

Author: Alexander Lilly; Steven Kopitzke; Ian Long

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Currently, Naval aircraft are inspected for corrosion based on Reliability Centered Maintenance analysis of component failure rates in a feedback loop scheme. Recently developed sensors allow for the measurement and recording of temperature, relative humidity, and solution conductivity in 30 minute intervals. These sensors were deployed collocated with corrosion witness coupons across two 1-year deployments spanning 26 naval aviation relevant locations. Features were engineered from the sensor data, and algorithms were trained to predict the mass loss observed on the collocated witness coupons. Using leave-one-out-cross-validation, the highest performing algorithms possessed an accuracy of 77% in the classification of site corrosion severity based on Aermet 100 mass loss, a landing gear high strength steel.

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Development Of Deficient Grout And Corrosion In Post-Tensioned Tendons Due To Water And Solute Transport

Product Number: 51322-17986-SG

Author: Rutambara Sonawane, Samanbar Permeh, Kingsley Lau

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Bridge construction utilizing post-tensioned (PT) tendon systems have become increasingly popular. ^1-2 PT construction allows engineers greater options for the design of highway bridges and provides efficient structures with advantages in construction, economy, and serviceability. In bonded post stresses to the reinfotensioned systems, the introduction of rced concrete element is made through tensioned highstrength steel strand that are anchored and encapsulated in a cementitious grout within a tendon.^3-4 The hardened grout allows development of the stress along the length of the tendon and also provides corrosion protection by the presence of the alkaline pore water to passivate the steel strand and by creating a barrier from external contaminants.

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Development of Eco-friendly Chromium Electrodeposit for Corrosion Resistance in Chloride-containing Environment

Product Number: 51323-19027-SG

Author: Bright O. Okonkwo, Chaewon Jeong, Taejeong An, Hyun Joon Eom, Changheui Jang

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Overtime, chromium has traditionally been used as a surface coating in numerous industrial application such as automotive and general engineering products because of its excellent wear resistance, low coefficient of friction, high resistance to hear and corrosion. Owing to its advantages, several deposition methods have been developed to coat Cr on different surfaces such as plasma nitriding, vapor deposition, physical coating spray, electrodeposition and others. Among these techniques, electrodeposition stands out because of its simple and versatile approach to producing Cr deposit under ambient temperature and normal pressure, with benefits of low cost, high deposition rate, good homogeneity of coating thickness, and intriguing ability to coat substrates of complicated geometrical forms.

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Development Of Fes Scale Control Technology Using Polymeric Dispersants In Sour Environment

Product Number: 51322-17630-SG

Author: Saebom Ko, Zhaoyi Dai, Xin Wang, Amy T. Kan, Wei Lee, Mason B. Tomson

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Mineral scales frequently occur in tanks, pipelines, cooling and heating system, production wells of
oil and gas, external and internal membrane, and other equipment during industrial processes,
causing the reduction of process efficacy and millions of dollars on dealing with the scale issues. As
oil and gas are produced increasingly in more unconventional reservoirs, such as deeper and tighter
zones, with new technologies, more challenges are encountered to mitigate scale problems.

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Development of Fluoropolymer Foulant-Resistant Coatings for Downhole and Heat Exchanger Applications

Product Number: 51319-12903-SG

Author: Richard Maynard

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

A common problem in the oil and gas industry is the precipitation of organic and inorganic materials onto tubing surfaces when the process stream undergoes pressure and/or temperature changes. The resultant deposition of these materials onto the tube surface can be as benign as a nuisance to a major problem involving both production output/delays and operational safety. A potential solution to this problem is to apply a coating with “nonstick” properties to prevent scaling and organic fouling where sweet or sour conditions prevail. Fluoropolymers are a class of materials that have excellent chemical resistance and release properties and can function at high temperature.This paper describes the development of novel fluoropolymer-based coatings for preventing fouling from a variety of inorganic and organic foulants under sweet or sour conditions. Testing protocols included autoclave acid resistance cathodic disbondment Atlas cell scaling erosion abrasion and impact testing. In addition several in-field case studies will be presented which highlight the capability of these exceptional coatings under various conditions.

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Individual Conference Papers

Development of Anti-Fouling Compound Extracted from Marine Resources in Preventing Marine Growth for Static Applications at Warm and Cold Water Environments

Development of Autonomous Microbe Sensor (AMS) at Seawater Injection System (SWIS)

Development of Combined Corrosion and Scale Inhibitors

Development of Copper Alloys for Seawater Service from Traditional Application to State-Of-The Art Engineering

Development of Corrosion Inhibiting Primers: Knowledge Share from Different Industries

Development of Corrosion Inhibitor for High Temperature Sweet Gas Wells

Development of Corrosion Inhibitor with Low Toxicity for High Temperature/High Shear Applications

Development of Corrosion Severity Assessment Algorithms Using Environmental Monitoring Sensors in Naval Aviation Environments

Development Of Deficient Grout And Corrosion In Post-Tensioned Tendons Due To Water And Solute Transport

Development of Eco-friendly Chromium Electrodeposit for Corrosion Resistance in Chloride-containing Environment

Development Of Fes Scale Control Technology Using Polymeric Dispersants In Sour Environment

Development of Fluoropolymer Foulant-Resistant Coatings for Downhole and Heat Exchanger Applications

Association for Materials Protection and Performance